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Estimates of asthma heritability in a large twin sample

机译：大双胞胎样本中哮喘遗传力的估计

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Background Asthma is a complex disease characterized by symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough.Objective To study the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors in theliability to asthma in a large sample of twins.Methods Data on asthma in 21135 twin pairs, 3-71 years of age, from the Danish Twin Registry were collected via a multidisciplinary questionnaire survey. Heritability estimateswere calculated using variance components models.Results A monozygotic twin had an approximately sixfold increased risk of asthma whereas a dizygotic twin only had an approximately threefold increased risk relative to the generalpopulation if his or her co-twin was affected. The difference was more pronounced among males. Familial aggregation of asthma in children and adolescents was explained mainly byadditive genetic factors, but common environment was also important. The heritability of asthma was also substantial in adults aged 20-49 years. In older adults (aged 50-71 years),additive genetic factors did not significantly influence the disease risk.Conclusion Genetic influences on asthma are substantial throughout the life span but the proportion of the disease liability explained by genetic factors is decreased in older adults.
机译：背景哮喘是一种以喘息，气促，胸闷和咳嗽为症状的复杂疾病。目的研究大量双胞胎样本中遗传和环境因素对哮喘易感性的相对贡献。方法21135哮喘数据通过多学科问卷调查，从丹麦双胞胎登记处收集了3-71岁的双胞胎。结果：单卵双胞胎患哮喘的风险增加了约六倍，而同卵双胞胎患双胎的患病风险仅比普通人群高了约三倍。男性之间的差异更为明显。儿童和青少年哮喘的家族性聚集主要是通过加性遗传因素来解释的，但共同的环境也很重要。哮喘的遗传力在20-49岁的成年人中也很高。在50-71岁的老年人中，遗传因素并未显着影响疾病的风险。结论遗传因素在整个生命周期中对哮喘的影响很大，但由遗传因素解释的疾病责任的比例在老年人中降低了。

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