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Adherence to pharmacological treatment and specific immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis

机译：过敏性鼻炎坚持药物治疗和特异性免疫治疗

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Summary: The term compliance simply indicates how much doses of the prescribed medication are taken, whereas the term adherence implies also an agreement between patient and physician about the therapeutic plan, and it is therefore preferred. Adherence is a main problem in all long-term treatments. Thus, it represents a problem also in the case of rhinitis, expecially concerning specific immunotherapy that must be assumed continuously for several years. Many factors can affect the adherence, depending on patient, on treatment itself and on the healthcare context, and all those factors usually interact. The adherence measured in controlled trials is usually good, but this does not reflect what happens in real life, where adherence should be preferably measured. There are few data on the adherence in real life for pharmacological treatments of allergic rhinitis (e.g. nasal steroids or antihistamines), whereas more data are available for specific immunotherapy. In this latter case, in real life, adherence seems to be far from optimal, for both sublingual and subcutaneous immunotherapy, although the recent studies agree on the fact that some interventions (i.e. patients' education, strict follow-up, regular contacts) could effectively improve the adherence. In this article, the literature concerning the adherence to pharmacological treatments and immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis was searched and reviewed.
机译：摘要：术语“依从性”仅表示服用了多少剂量的处方药，而术语“依从性”还意味着患者和医师之间就治疗计划达成了一致，因此是首选。坚持是所有长期治疗的主要问题。因此，在鼻炎的情况下，这也是一个问题，特别是必须连续使用数年的特定免疫疗法。许多因素会影响依从性，具体取决于患者，治疗本身和医疗环境，并且所有这些因素通常都会相互作用。在对照试验中测得的依从性通常是良好的，但这不能反映现实生活中发生的情况，在这种情况下应优先测量依从性。关于过敏性鼻炎（例如鼻类固醇或抗组胺药）的药物治疗在现实生活中依从性的数据很少，而针对特定的免疫疗法则可获得更多的数据。在后一种情况下，在现实生活中，对于舌下和皮下免疫治疗，依从性似乎还远未达到最佳，尽管最近的研究都同意以下事实：某些干预措施（例如患者的教育，严格的随访，定期的接触）可以有效提高依从性。在本文中，检索并审查了有关过敏性鼻炎坚持药物治疗和免疫疗法的文献。

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