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The effect of external dynamic loads on the lifetime of rolling element bearings: results of accelerated lifetime tests

机译：外部动载荷对滚动轴承寿命的影响：加速寿命试验的结果

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摘要

Accurate prediction of the lifetime of rolling element bearings is a crucial step towards a reliable design of many rotating machines. Recent research emphasises the important influence of external dynamic loads on the lifetime of bearings. The loads can result from structural resonances, gear meshing and so on. Lifetime calculations of bearings are based on the classical ISO 281 standard, neglecting their influence. Inaccurate estimations of the lifetime lead to excessive safety factors during the design phase and unexpected failures during operation. This paper analyses the influence of external dynamic loads using a novel bearing test-rig. The test-rig allows static and dynamic loads to be applied on the test bearing in both the radial and axial directions. During dynamic excitation of the test bearing, increased frictional power loss is measured based on the bearing temperature. The measurements reveal the bearing operational conditions (static loads, dynamic loads and speed) at which wear due to external dynamic loads is expected to be maximal. Accelerated lifetime tests are performed afterwards in these conditions. The effect of radial, axial and combined radial and axial dynamic loads is separately investigated. Microscope images reveal the effect of dynamic loads on the wear of the raceway surfaces.
机译：准确预测滚动轴承的使用寿命是迈向许多旋转机械可靠设计的关键一步。最近的研究强调了外部动态载荷对轴承寿命的重要影响。载荷可能来自结构共振，齿轮啮合等。轴承的寿命计算基于经典的ISO 281标准，而忽略了它们的影响。寿命的不正确估计会导致在设计阶段出现过多的安全系数，并在运行期间导致意外故障。本文使用新型轴承试验台分析了外部动载荷的影响。该试验装置允许在径向和轴向两个方向上将静载荷和动载荷施加到试验轴承上。在测试轴承的动态激励期间，根据轴承温度测量增加的摩擦功率损耗。这些测量揭示了轴承的工作条件（静载荷，动载荷和速度），在该条件下，预期由外部动载荷引起的磨损最大。之后在这些条件下进行加速寿命测试。分别研究了径向，轴向以及组合的径向和轴向动态载荷的影响。显微镜图像揭示了动态载荷对滚道表面磨损的影响。

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