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首页> 外文期刊>Biochemistry >Unique 2'-O-Methylation by Hen1 in Eukaryotic RNA Interference and Bacterial RNA Repair
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Unique 2'-O-Methylation by Hen1 in Eukaryotic RNA Interference and Bacterial RNA Repair

机译：Hen1在真核RNA干扰和细菌RNA修复中的独特2'-O-甲基化

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摘要

In an RNA transcript, the 2'-OH group at the 3'-terminal nucleotide is unique as it is the only 2'-OH group that is adjacent to a 3'-OH group instead of a phosphate backbone. The 2'-OH group at the 3'-terminal nucleotide of certain RNAs is methylated in vivo, which is acheived by a methyltransferase named Henl that is mechanistically distinct from other known RNA 2'-O-methyltransferases. In eukaryotic organisms, 3'-terminal 2'-O-methylation of small RNAs stabilizes these small RNAs for RNA interference (RNAi). In bacteria, the same methylation during RNA repair results in repaired RNA resisting future damage at the site of repair. Although the chemistry performed by the eukaryotic and bacterial Henl is the same, the mechanisms of how RNA is stabilized as a result of the 3'-terminal 2'-O-methylation are different between the eukaryotic RNAi and the bacterial RNA repair. In this review, I will discuss the distribution of Henl in living organisms, the classification of Hen1 into four subfamilies, the structure and mechanism of Henl that allows it to conduct RNA 3'-terminal 2'- Omethylation, and the possible evolutionary origin of Henl present in bacterial and eukaryotic organisms.
机译：在RNA转录物中，3'-末端核苷酸处的2'-OH基团是唯一的，因为它是唯一与3'-OH基团相邻而不是与磷酸盐骨架相邻的2'-OH基团。某些RNA的3'-末端核苷酸处的2'-OH基团在体内被甲基化，这是通过名为Henl的甲基转移酶实现的，该酶与其他已知的RNA 2'-O-甲基转移酶在机理上有所不同。在真核生物中，小RNA的3'-末端2'-O-甲基化可稳定这些小RNA，以防止RNA干扰（RNAi）。在细菌中，RNA修复过程中相同的甲基化会导致修复后的RNA抵抗将来在修复位点的损坏。尽管由真核和细菌Henl进行的化学反应是相同的，但是在真核RNAi和细菌RNA修复之间，由于3'-末端2'-O-甲基化而使RNA稳定的机制不同。在这篇综述中，我将讨论Henl在活生物体中的分布，将Hen1分为四个亚家族，允许其进行RNA 3'-末端2'-O甲基化的Henl的结构和机制，以及可能的进化起源。 Henl存在于细菌和真核生物中。

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