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Mitigating human effects on European biodiversity through traditional animal husbandry [Review]

机译：通过传统畜牧业减轻人类对欧洲生物多样性的影响[评论]

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Livestock grazing (without modern fertilizers), mowing, and other traditional methods of animal husbandry are used in Europe for managing human-made habitats such as seminatural grasslands. From a review of essential literature, I hypothesize that traditional animal husbandry partially compensates for the loss of natural processes that have been suppressed by humans. There is indirect evidence that livestock grazing and mowing have made possible the continued existence of many species threatened by the human overkill of megaherbivores and other large herbivores. Many species that were dependent on natural fires and floods may have benefited from grazing and mowing, which also may be effective tools for mitigating the negative effects of eutrophications. As partial surrogates, traditional grazing and mowing have obscured the importance of natural disturbances to European biodiversity. Thus, the end of traditional animal husbandry, together with the suppression of natural disturbances, may cause even more adverse effects to biodiversity than is generally recognized. [References: 68]
机译：在欧洲，牲畜放牧（不使用现代肥料），割草和其他传统的畜牧业方法用于管理人工栖息地，例如半自然草原。通过对基本文献的回顾，我认为传统的畜牧业可以部分弥补人类压制的自然过程的损失。间接证据表明，放牧和割草的牲畜使许多物种的继续存在成为可能，这些物种受到人类对食草动物和其他大型食草动物的过度杀伤的威胁。许多依赖自然火灾和洪水的物种可能已经从放牧和割草中受益，这也可能是减轻富营养化负面影响的有效工具。作为部分替代品，传统的放牧和割草掩盖了自然干扰对欧洲生物多样性的重要性。因此，传统畜牧业的终结，加上对自然干扰的抑制，可能对生物多样性造成的危害甚至比人们普遍认为的还要严重。 [参考：68]

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