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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Use of simulated annealing for identifying essential fish habitat in a multispecies context
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Use of simulated annealing for identifying essential fish habitat in a multispecies context

机译：使用模拟退火来识别多物种环境中的基本鱼类栖息地

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Essential fish habitat (EFH) is defined under US. federal law, which mandates its protection. Current single-species approaches to identifying EFH for suites of managed species have resulted in areas designated for protection that are so large that protecting fish habitat has been difficult in the context of fishery management. We evaluated the potential for simulated annealing, a type of mathematical optimization, as a tool for simultaneously identifying EFH for multiple species in four ecological regions of the eastern continental shelf of the United States. Data were obtained from a shelf-wide trawl survey with site-specific abundance information spanning 37 years. The data were averaged within units of a sampling grid with 10-minute squares. We used computer software with an objective function, that includes a term, for weighting the boundary length of selected sampling units and thereby identifies solutions that meet specific targets for representation under varying degrees of spatial aggregation. We defined representation as a percentage of the cumulative sampled abundance of individual species and examined the effects of these target values and spatial constraints on total (sea-surface) area and boundary length of solution sets. We also evaluated the algorithm for its ability to select areas where juveniles occurred at high densities as a proxy for habitat value. Annealing solutions covered less total area than would the combined habitats of individual species that capture the same proportion of population abundance. For most species in most solutions, high-density areas were selected in higher proportions to their relative abundance in a region and solutions contained less total habitat area and smaller boundary lengths. Additionally, sampling units were distributed among two or snore discrete localities versus a single location for the same target level of representation. We suggest that simulated annealing is a viable tool for EFH planning with the potential for identifying more spatially conservative habitat areas for protection than a single-species approach.
机译：美国定义了基本鱼类栖息地（EFH）。要求对其进行保护的联邦法律。当前用于确定一系列管理物种的EFH的单一物种方法导致指定用于保护的区域面积太大，以至于在渔业管理中很难保护鱼的栖息地。我们评估了模拟退火（一种数学优化类型）作为同时识别美国东部大陆架四个生态区域中多个物种的EFH的工具的潜力。数据来自整个网架式拖网调查，其中包含特定地点的丰度信息，涵盖了37年。数据以10分钟见方的采样网格为单位进行平均。我们使用具有目标函数（包括一个术语）的计算机软件对所选采样单位的边界长度进行加权，从而识别出满足特定目标的解决方案，以便在空间聚集程度不同的情况下进行表示。我们将表示形式定义为单个物种累积采样丰度的百分比，并检查了这些目标值和空间约束对总（海表）面积和解集边界长度的影响。我们还评估了该算法在选择高密度发生幼虫的区域作为栖息地价值的替代能力。退火解决方案所覆盖的总面积比捕获种群比例相同的单个物种的合并栖息地要少。对于大多数解决方案中的大多数物种，选择高密度区域的比例高于它们在一个区域中的相对丰度，解决方案包含的总栖息地面积较小，边界长度较小。另外，对于相同的目标表示水平，采样单位分布在两个或打sn的离散位置与单个位置之间。我们建议模拟退火是EFH规划的可行工具，与单物种方法相比，它有可能识别出更多空间保守的栖息地加以保护。

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