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Shrinking tropical forests, human agents of change, and conservation policy

机译：热带森林的萎缩，人类的变革推动力和保护政策

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摘要

Human agents of landscape transformation in the tropics affect forests differently as the forests decline in size. Five agents of change-road builders, corporate concession holders, community forest managers, park advocates, and urban consumers-have different effects on large forests in remote tropical regions than they do on remnant forests in settled agricultural regions. Because forests vary so much in size across tropical regions, these differences in the effects of agents on forests have important implications for regional conservation efforts. To make these implications explicit, I compared the effects of the five agents in regions with large forests with their effects in regions with small forests. The comparisons indicated that, as forests declined in size, new roads no longer destroyed forests, corporate loggers left the forests, community forest managers became more effective, parks became less feasible as a means of conservation, and urban consumers initiated tree planting. My results suggest that awareness about the changing effects of humans on landscapes with shrinking forests can serve as a useful tool in formulating regionally appropriate policies for conserving tropical forests.
机译：热带地区景观变化的人为因素对森林的影响随着森林规模的缩小而有所不同。五个改变道路的建设者，公司特许权持有人，社区森林经理，公园拥护者和城市消费者的代理人对偏远热带地区的大型森林的影响与对定居农业地区的残余森林的影响不同。由于热带地区森林的大小差异很大，因此这些因素对森林的影响的差异对区域保护工作具有重要意义。为了使这些含义明确，我比较了五种作用剂在大森林地区的效果与它们在小森林地区的效果。比较表明，随着森林面积的减少，新的道路不再破坏森林，公司伐木者离开了森林，社区森林管理者变得更加有效，公园作为保护手段的可行性降低了，城市消费者开始植树造林。我的结果表明，对于人类对森林不断缩小的景观的变化影响的认识，可以作为制定适合当地的热带森林保护政策的有用工具。

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