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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Ecological and Economic Services Provided by Birds on Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee Farms
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Ecological and Economic Services Provided by Birds on Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee Farms

机译：鸟类在牙买加蓝山咖啡农场提供的生态和经济服务

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Coffee farms can support significant biodiversity, yet intensification of farming practices is degrading agricultural habitats and compromising ecosystem services such as biological pest control. The coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) is the world's primary coffee pest. Researchers have demonstrated that birds reduce insect abundance on coffee farms but have not documented avian control of the berry borer or quantified avian benefits to crop yield or farm income. We conducted a bird-exclosure experiment on coffee farms in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica, to measure avian pest control of berry borers, identify potential predator species, associate predator abundance and borer reductions with vegetation complexity, and quantify resulting increases in coffee yield. Coffee plants excluded from foraging birds had significantly higher borer infestation, more borer broods, and greater berry damage than control plants. We identified 17 potential predator species (7.3% were wintering Neotropical migrants), and 3 primary species composed 67% of migrant detections. Average relative bird abundance and diversity and relative resident predator abundance increased with greater shade-tree cover. Although migrant predators overall did not respond to vegetation complexity variables, the 3 primary species increased with proximity to noncoffee habitat patches. Lower infestation on control plants was correlated with higher total bird abundance, but not with predator abundance or vegetation complexity. Infestation of fruit was 1-14% lower on control plants, resulting in a greater quantity of saleable fruits that bad a market value of US
机译：咖啡农场可以支持重要的生物多样性，但集约化耕作方式正在使农业生境退化，并损害诸如生物虫害防治等生态系统服务。咖啡浆果蛀虫（Hypothenemus hampei）是世界上主要的咖啡害虫。研究人员已经证明，鸟类减少了咖啡农场的昆虫数量，但尚未记录鸟类对浆果蛀虫的控制或量化的鸟类对作物产量或农场收入的好处。我们在牙买加蓝山山脉的咖啡农场进行了一次鸟类禁闭试验，以测量浆果蛀虫的鸟类害虫控制，确定潜在的捕食者种类，将捕食者的丰度和减少的蛀虫与植被的复杂性联系起来，并对咖啡产量的增加进行量化。与对照植物相比，被排除在觅食鸟类之外的咖啡植物的r虫侵害显着更高，bore虫幼虫增多，浆果受到的损害更大。我们确定了17种潜在的捕食者物种（7.3％为越冬的新热带移民），而3种主要物种构成了67％的移民发现。随着树荫覆盖面积的增加，平均鸟类相对丰富度和多样性以及相对居民捕食者丰富度增加。尽管移民掠食者总体上对植被复杂性变量没有反应，但随着接近非咖啡生境斑块，这三种主要物种增加了。对照植物上较低的侵扰与较高的鸟类总丰度相关，但与捕食者的丰度或植被复杂度无关。与对照植物相比，水果的侵扰率降低了1-14％，从而导致大量可出售水果的价格降低了美国的市场价值

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