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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Marked Wire in Reducing Avian Collisions with Power Lines
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Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Marked Wire in Reducing Avian Collisions with Power Lines

机译：标记线在减少电线与禽类碰撞中的有效性的Meta分析

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摘要

Collisions of birds with power transmission and distribution lines have been documented for many species, and cause millions of casualties worldwide. Attempts to reduce mortality from such collisions include placing bird flight diverters (i.e., wire markers in the form of, e.g., spirals, swivels, plates, or spheres) on static and some electrified wires to increase their visibility. Although studies of the effectiveness of such devices have yielded contradictory results, the implementation of flight diverters is increasing rapidly. We reviewed the results of studies in which transmission or distribution wires were marked and conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effectiveness of flight diverters in reducing bird mortality. We included in our meta-analysis all studies in which researchers searched for carcasses of birds killed by a collision with wires. In those studies that also included data on flight frequency, we examined 8 covariates of effectiveness: source of data, study design, alternate design (if marked and unmarked spans were alternated in the same line), periodicity of searches for carcasses, width of the search transect, and number of species, lines, and stretches of wire searched. The presence of flight diverters was associated with a decrease in bird collisions. At unmarked lines, there were 0.21 deaths/1000 birds (n =339,830) that flew among lines or over lines. At marked lines, the mortality rate was 78% lower (n =1,060,746). Only the number of species studied had a significant influence on effect size; this was larger in studies that addressed more species. When comparing mortality at marked and unmarked lines, we recommend use of the same time intervals and habitats and standardizing the periodicity of carcass searches.
机译：有鸟类记录了许多输电线路与电力传输线和配电线的碰撞，在全球范围内造成数百万人伤亡。降低这种碰撞导致的死亡率的尝试包括将鸟的飞行转向器（即，诸如螺旋，旋转，板或球体形式的线标记）放置在静态的和一些带电的线上以增加其可见度。尽管对这种装置的有效性的研究得出了相互矛盾的结果，但飞行分流器的实施却在迅速增加。我们审查了标记有传输线或配电线的研究结果，并进行了荟萃分析，以检查飞行分流器在降低鸟类死亡率方面的有效性。我们在荟萃分析中纳入了所有研究，其中研究人员搜索了因电线碰撞而死亡的鸟类的尸体。在那些还包括飞行频率数据的研究中，我们检查了有效性的8个协变量：数据来源，研究设计，替代设计（如果在同一行中交替标记和未标记跨度），搜索cas体的周期性，搜索样条，以及搜索的电线的种类，数量和延伸数量。飞行转向器的存在与鸟类碰撞的减少有关。在无标记的鸽系中，每羽鸽系之间或每羽鸽系中有0.21只死亡/ 1000只鸟（n = 339830）。在标线处，死亡率降低了78％（n = 1,060,746）。仅研究的物种数量对效应大小有显着影响。在涉及更多物种的研究中更大。在比较标记线和未标记线的死亡率时，建议使用相同的时间间隔和栖息地，并标准化car体搜索的周期。

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