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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Reduced diversity and complexity in the leaf-litter ant assemblage of Colombian coffee plantations
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Reduced diversity and complexity in the leaf-litter ant assemblage of Colombian coffee plantations

机译：减少哥伦比亚咖啡种植园的枯叶蚂蚁组合的多样性和复杂性

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Coffee agroecosystems have recently undergone a dramatic intensification in Colombia, a megadiverse country; especially in terms of the nature of shade cover. We tested for changes in the composition, ecological associations, and diversity of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) along a gradient of intensification of coffee production in the Colombian Andes. We surveyed 16 farms in two regions, classified into four management types: (I) forest (no agriculture), (2) organic polygeneric shaded coffee, (3) monogeneric shaded coffee, and (4) sun coffee (unshaded). Forty sampling units (20 1-m(2) plots on the ground and 20 coffee bushes) were established at each farm between 2001 and 2002. We sampled with a mini-winkler litter extraction technique and through visual searching. Organic polygeneric shaded-coffee plantations contained significantly higher ant species richness, and their ant assemblages resembled the forest patches more than any other management type. The number of statistically significant associations among ant species dropped with production intensification, as did the number of ant species involved in such associations. The network of ant associations in shaded systems transformed into an extremely simplified network in sun coffee, with a few dominant ants extending almost entirely throughout the crop. Intensification of coffee agriculture not only caused loss of litter ant species (especially forest species) but also a reduction in the complexity of the ant assemblage in the leaf litter of this agroecosystem.
机译：在一个多元化的国家哥伦比亚，咖啡农业生态系统最近经历了剧烈的集约化。特别是在遮阳罩的性质方面。我们测试了哥伦比亚安第斯山脉沿咖啡生产集约化的梯度，蚂蚁（膜翅目：蚁科）的组成，生态联系和多样性的变化。我们对两个地区的16个农场进行了调查，分为四个管理类型：（I）森林（无农业），（2）有机多类阴影咖啡，（3）单类阴影咖啡和（4）太阳咖啡（无阴影）。在2001年至2002年之间，每个农场都建立了40个采样单位（在地面上20个1-m（2）地块和20个咖啡灌木丛）。我们使用小型眨眼猫砂提取技术并通过视觉搜索进行采样。有机多类带阴影的咖啡种植园的蚂蚁物种丰富度明显更高，其蚂蚁组合比其他任何管理类型都更像森林斑块。蚂蚁物种之间具有统计意义的关联数量随着生产强度的增加而下降，参与这种关联的蚂蚁物种数量也随之下降。阴影系统中的蚂蚁关联网络转化为太阳咖啡中极为简化的网络，一些优势蚂蚁几乎完全遍布整个作物。咖啡农业的集约化不仅造成了凋落的蚂蚁物种（尤其是森林物种）的流失，而且还降低了该农业生态系统叶片凋落物中蚂蚁组合的复杂性。

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