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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Matrix models as a tool for understanding invasive plant and native plant interactions
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Matrix models as a tool for understanding invasive plant and native plant interactions

机译：矩阵模型作为了解入侵植物与本地植物相互作用的工具

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Demographic matrix models are an increasingly standard way to evaluate the effects of different impacts and management approaches on species of concern. Although invasive species are now considered among the greatest threats to biodiversity, matrix methods have been little used to explore and integrate the potentially complicated effects of invasions on native species. I developed stage-structured models to assess the impacts of invasive grasses on population growth and persistence of a federally listed (U.S.A.) endemic plant, the Antioch Dunes evening primrose (Oenothera deltoides subsp. howellii (Munz] W Klein). I used these models to evaluate two frequently made assumptions: (1) when rare plant populations decline in invaded habitats, invasive species are the cause and (2) invasive plants suppress rare plants primarily through direct resource competition. I compared two control and two removal matrices based on previous experimental work that showed variable effects of invasive grasses on different life-history stages of O. deltoides. Matrix analysis showed that these effects translated into substantial changes in population growth rates and persistence, with control matrices predicting a mean stochastic population growth rate (lambda) of 0.86 and removal matrices predicting growth rates from 0.92 to 0.93. Yet even the most optimistic invasive removal scenarios predicted rapid decline and a probability of extinction near one in the next 100 years. Competitive suppression of seedlings had much smaller effects on growth rates than did lowered germination, which probably resulted from thatch accumulation and reduced soil disturbance. These results indicate that although invasive grasses have important effects on the population growth of this rare plant, invasion impacts are not solely responsible for observed declines and are likely to be interacting with other factors such as habitat degradation. Further, changes in the disturbance regime may be as important a mechanism creating these impacts as direct resource competition. My results highlight the value of demographic modeling approaches in creating an integrated assessment of the threats posed by invasive species and the need for more mechanistic studies of invasive plant interactions with native plants.
机译：人口矩阵模型是评估不同影响和管理方法对关注物种的影响的一种日益标准的方法。尽管现在认为入侵物种是对生物多样性的最大威胁，但矩阵方法很少用于探索和整合入侵对本地物种的潜在复杂影响。我开发了阶段结构模型，以评估入侵草对联邦列出的（美国）特有植物安提阿克沙丘月见草（Oenothera deltoides subsp。howellii（Munz] W Klein）的种群增长和持久性的影响。我们评估了两个常见的假设：（1）当入侵的栖息地中的稀有植物种群减少时，入侵物种是原因;（2）入侵植物主要通过直接资源竞争抑制稀有植物;我根据以前的方法比较了两个控制矩阵和两个去除矩阵实验研究表明，入侵草对三角果不同生活史阶段的影响不同，矩阵分析表明，这些影响转化为种群增长率和持久性的显着变化，控制矩阵预测了平均随机种群增长率（拉姆达） 0.86的去除率和去除率矩阵预测的增长率从0.92到0.93。椭圆形的情景预示着未来100年将迅速下降，并有灭绝的可能性。与抑制发芽相比，竞争性抑制幼苗对生长速率的影响要小得多，这可能是由于茅草积累和减少的土壤干扰所致。这些结果表明，尽管入侵性放牧对这种稀有植物的种群增长具有重要影响，但入侵的影响并不仅是观察到的下降的原因，而且还可能与其他因素（例如栖息地退化）相互作用。此外，干扰机制的变化可能与直接竞争资源一样，是产生这些影响的重要机制。我的研究结果凸显了人口统计学建模方法在创建对入侵物种构成的威胁的综合评估中的价值，以及需要对入侵植物与本地植物相互作用进行更多机理研究的必要性。

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