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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >The Interaction between Seaweed Farming as an Alternative Occupation and Fisher Numbers in the Central Philippines
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The Interaction between Seaweed Farming as an Alternative Occupation and Fisher Numbers in the Central Philippines

机译：菲律宾中部作为替代职业的海藻养殖与渔民数量之间的相互作用

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Alternative occupations are frequently promoted as a means to reduce the number of people exploiting declining fisheries. However, there is little evidence that alternative occupations reduce fisher numbers. Seaweed farming is frequently promoted as a lucrative alternative occupation for artisanal fishers in Southeast Asia. We examined how the introduction of seaweed farming has affected village-level changes in the number of fishers on Danajon Bank, central Philippines, where unsustainable fishing has led to declining fishery yields. To determine how fisher numbers had changed since seaweed farming started, we interviewed the heads of household from 300 households in 10 villages to examine their perceptions of how fisher numbers had changed in their village and the reasons they associated with these changes. We then asked key informants (people with detailed knowledge of village members) to estimate fisher numbers in these villages before seaweed farming began and at the time of the survey. We compared the results of how fisher numbers had changed in each village with the wealth, education, seaweed farm sizes, and other attributes of households in these villages, which we collected through interviews, and with village-level factors such as distance to markets. We also asked people why they either continued to engage in or ceased fishing. In four villages, respondents thought seaweed farming and low fish catches had reduced fisher numbers, at least temporarily. In one of these villages, there was a recent return to fishing due to declines in the price of seaweed and increased theft of seaweed. In another four villages, fisher numbers increased as human population increased, despite the widespread uptake of seaweed farming. Seaweed farming failed for technical reasons in two other villages. Our results suggest seaweed farming has reduced fisher numbers in some villages, a result that may be correlated with socioeconomic status, but the heterogeneity of outcomes is consistent with suggestions that alternative occupations are not a substitute for more direct forms of resource management.
机译：经常提倡替代职业，以减少利用渔业下降的人数。但是，几乎没有证据表明替代职业会减少渔民数量。海藻养殖经常被提倡为东南亚手工渔民一种有利可图的替代职业。我们研究了海藻养殖的引入如何影响菲律宾中部达纳洪银行（Danajon Bank）村民数量的变化，那里不可持续的捕鱼导致渔业产量下降。为了确定自海藻养殖开始以来渔民数量如何变化，我们采访了10个村庄的300户家庭的户主，以调查他们对本村渔民数量如何变化的看法以及与这些变化相关的原因。然后，我们要求关键信息提供者（对村民有深入了解的人）在开始种植海藻之前和进行调查时估算这些村庄的渔民数量。我们通过访谈收集了每个村庄的渔民数量变化的结果与这些村庄的财富，教育程度，海藻养殖场规模以及家庭的其他属性，以及村庄水平的因素，例如到市场的距离。我们还问人们为什么他们继续从事或停止捕鱼。在四个村庄中，受访者认为，海藻养殖和低鱼获量至少在短期内减少了渔民数量。在其中一个村庄中，由于海藻价格下降和海藻盗窃增加，最近又恢复了捕鱼。在另外四个村庄，尽管海藻养殖被广泛采用，但随着人口的增加，渔民数量也有所增加。由于其他两个村庄的技术原因，海藻养殖失败了。我们的结果表明，在某些村庄中，海藻养殖减少了渔民数量，这一结果可能与社会经济状况有关，但结果的异质性与以下建议相吻合，即替代职业不能替代更直接形式的资源管理。

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