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Efficacy of Two Lion Conservation Programs in Maasailand, Kenya

机译：肯尼亚马赛兰的两个狮子保护计划的功效

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摘要

Lion (Panthera leo) populations are in decline throughout most of Africa. The problem is particularly acute in southern Kenya, where Maasai pastoralists have been spearing and poisoning lions at a rate that will ensure near term local extinction. We investigated 2 approaches for improving local tolerance of lions: compensation payments for livestock lost to predators and Lion Guardians, which draws on local cultural values and knowledge to mitigate livestock-carnivore conflict and monitor carnivores. To gauge the overall influence of conservation intervention, we combined both programs into a single conservation treatment variable. Using 8 years of lion killing data, we applied Manski's partial identification approach with bounded assumptions to investigate the effect of conservation treatment on lion killing in 4 contiguous areas. In 3 of the areas, conservation treatment was positively associated with a reduction in lion killing. We then applied a generalized linear model to assess the relative efficacy of the 2 interventions. The model estimated that compensation resulted in an 87-91% drop in the number of lions killed, whereas Lion Guardians (operating in combination with compensation and alone) resulted in a 99% drop in lion killing.
机译：在整个非洲大部分地区，狮子（Panthera leo）的数量都在减少。这个问题在肯尼亚南部尤为严重，那里的马赛牧民以确保当地近期灭绝的速度向狮子投掷毒药。我们研究了两种提高狮子的当地容忍度的方法：为掠夺者和狮子守护者损失的牲畜赔偿金，它利用当地的文化价值和知识来减轻牲畜食肉动物的冲突并监督食肉动物。为了评估保护措施干预的总体影响，我们将这两个程序合并为一个保护措施变量。利用8年的狮子杀死数据，我们应用了有条件的假设的曼斯基偏识别方法，研究了保护性处理对4个连续区域狮子杀死的影响。在其中的三个地区，养护处理与减少狮子杀死有正相关关系。然后，我们应用广义线性模型来评估2种干预措施的相对疗效。该模型估计，赔偿导致被杀死的狮子数量下降了87-91％，而狮子卫士（与赔偿结合使用和单独运作）导致了杀死狮子的数量下降了99％。

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