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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Roads as conduits for exotic plant invasions in a semiarid landscape
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Roads as conduits for exotic plant invasions in a semiarid landscape

机译：道路作为半干旱景观中外来植物入侵的管道

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Roads are believed to be a major contributing factor to the ongoing spread of exotic plants. We examined the effect of road improvement and environmental variables on exotic and native plant diversity in roadside verges and adjacent semiarid grassland, shrubland, and woodland communities of southern Utah (U.S.A.). We measured the cover of exotic and native species in roadside verges and both the richness and cover of exotic and native species in adjacent interior communities (50 m beyond the edge of the road cut) along 42 roads stratified by level of road improvement (paved, improved surface, graded, and four-wheel-drive track). In roadside verges along paved roads, the cover of Bromus tectorum was three times as great (27%) as in verges along four-wheel-drive tracks (9%). The cover of five common exotic forb species tended to be lower in verges along four-wheel-drive tracks than in verges along more improved roads. The richness and cover of exotic species were both more than 50% greater, and the richness of native species was 30% lower, at interior sites adjacent to paved roads than at those adjacent to four-wheel-drive tracks. In addition, environmental variables relating to dominant vegetation, disturbance, and topography were significantly correlated with exotic and native species richness and cover. Improved roads can act as conduits for the invasion of adjacent ecosystems by converting natural habitats to those highly vulnerable to invasion. However, variation in dominant vegetation, soil moisture, nutrient levels, soil depth, disturbance, and topography may render interior communities differentially susceptible to invasions originating from roadside verges. Plant communities that are both physically invasible (e.g., characterized by deep or fertile soils) and disturbed appear most vulnerable. Decision-makers considering whether to build, improve, and maintain roads should take into account the potential spread of exotic plants. [References: 47]
机译：道路被认为是外来植物不断传播的主要因素。我们检查了道路改善和环境变量对路边和邻近犹他州南部（美国）的半干旱草原，灌木丛和林地社区中外来植物和本地植物多样性的影响。我们根据路况改善程度（铺砌，铺砌，改进的表面，坡度和四轮驱动轨道）。在铺砌道路的路边绿荫处，硬尾布鲁姆的覆盖率是三轮驱动道路绿荫处（9％）的三倍（27％）。在四轮驱动轨道上，五个常见的外来物种的覆盖率往往比在改善的道路上的覆盖率要低。与铺贴道路相邻的内部场所的外来物种的丰富度和覆盖率均比原来高出50％以上，而本地物种的丰富度则比邻近四轮驱动轨道的地方低30％。此外，与优势植被，干扰和地形有关的环境变量与外来和本地物种的丰富度和覆盖率显着相关。通过将自然栖息地转变为极易受到入侵的栖息地，改善的道路可以充当入侵邻近生态系统的渠道。但是，主要植被，土壤湿度，养分含量，土壤深度，扰动和地形的变化可能使内部社区对来自路边的入侵具有不同的敏感性。物理上受到入侵（例如，土壤深厚或肥沃的植物）和受到干扰的植物群落似乎最脆弱。决定是否建造，改善和维护道路的决策者应考虑到外来植物的潜在传播。 [参考：47]

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