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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Genetic differences between wild and artificial populations of Metasequoia glyptostroboides: Implications for species recovery
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Genetic differences between wild and artificial populations of Metasequoia glyptostroboides: Implications for species recovery

机译：水杉的野生和人工种群之间的遗传差异：对物种恢复的影响。

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Information on population genetics is fundamental to developing in situ or ex situ conservation strategies. Few researchers, however, have compared the genetic structure of restored and natural populations of threatened plant species. Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu & Cheng (dawn redwood) (Taxodiaceae), a living fossil endemic to China, may be the most successfully recovered threatened species, with many more individuals and a much wider distribution than fossil records indicate. We used random amplification of polymorphic DNA markers to compare the genetic structure of artificial populations with that of wild ones and to determine whether the genetic structure of M. glyptostroboides has been recovered as has its distribution. The genetic variation of wild populations of M. glyptostroboides was lower than the average of gymnosperms, indicating the effects of glaciations and recent habitat loss and fragmentation. Genetic variation in artificial populations was less, but not substantially, compared with wild populations. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean revealed that the wild and the artificial populations formed two distinct groups. Artificial populations were more similar to each other (mean Nei's genetic distance = 0.0924) than to wild populations (mean distance = 0.2054). This might be the result of biased seed collection, vegetative propagation, or a mixture of propagules from different populations and an ultimate propagule source. These results suggest that although the quantity and distribution range have been successfully restored, the genetic structure of M. glyptostroboides has not recovered appropriately, given the loss of genetic variation and biased genetic composition in artificial populations. Therefore, in addition to protecting the wild populations, additional ex situ genetic reserves should be established based on genetic knowledge and via appropriate approaches. We suggest that population genetic and demographic indices should be considered when downlisting or delisting threatened species.
机译：有关种群遗传学的信息对于制定原位或非原位保存策略至关重要。但是，很少有研究人员比较过受威胁植物物种的恢复种群和自然种群的遗传结构。中国特有的化石活体化石水杉（曙红木）（Taxodiaceae）可能是最成功地恢复的受威胁物种，个体数量更多，分布范围也比化石记录所表明的要广。我们使用了多态性DNA标记的随机扩增，比较了人工种群和野生种群的遗传结构，并确定是否已回收了糖磷灰杆菌的遗传结构及其分布。斜纹苔藓野生种群的遗传变异低于裸子植物的平均遗传变异，表明了冰川的影响以及近期生境的丧失和破碎。与野生种群相比，人工种群的遗传变异较少但不是很大。具有算术平均值的非加权成对分组方法表明，野生种群和人工种群形成两个不同的种群。人工种群比野生种群（平均距离= 0.2054）更相似（平均Nei遗传距离= 0.0924）。这可能是种子收集有偏见，无性繁殖或来自不同种群的繁殖体和最终繁殖源混合的结果。这些结果表明，尽管已经成功地恢复了数量和分布范围，但由于人工种群中遗传变异的丧失和遗传组成的偏向，格鲁夫杆菌的遗传结构并未得到适当恢复。因此，除了保护野生种群外，还应基于遗传知识并通过适当的方法建立更多的非原生境遗传资源。我们建议在将濒危物种降级或除名时应考虑种群遗传和人口指数。

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