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Indigenous uses, population density, and conservation of threatened medicinal plants in protected areas of the Indian Himalayas

机译：印度喜马拉雅山保护区的土著用途，人口密度和受威胁药用植物的保护

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For 10 years I monitored the population density of threatened medicinal plant species in seven protected areas in the Indian Himalayas. I also documented the indigenous uses of threatened medicinal plants through interviews with 138 herbal healers ( 83 Tibetan healers and 55 Ayurvedic healers) residing in the buffer zone villages of these protected areas. To assess the population status of threatened medicinal plant species, I sampled the 10 major habitat types in the protected areas. In all, I found 60 threatened medicinal plant species during the study period, of which 54 species occurred in the sampling plots. Twenty-two percent of threatened medicinal plant species were critically endangered, 16% were endangered, and 27% were vulnerable. Thirty-two threatened medicinal plant species were endemic to the Himalayan region. The density of threatened medicinal plant species varied with protected areas. The Valley of Flowers protected area had the highest number of threatened medicinal plant species. The "moist" habitat type was richest in these species among all 10 habitat types sampled. Arnebia euchroma (Royle ex Benth.) Johnston and Ephedra gerardiana Wall. ex Stapf. were the most common threatened medicinal plant species. The indigenous groups of healers used these threatened species in curing about 45 different ailments. Based on my findings, I believe that to ensure the long-term sustainability of threatened medicinal plants, medicinal-plant conservation areas should be established.
机译：十年来，我一直在印度喜马拉雅山的七个保护区中监测濒危药用植物的种群密度。我还通过采访了位于这些保护区缓冲带村庄的138位草药治疗者（83名藏族治疗者和55名印度草药治疗者）来记录了濒危药用植物在当地的使用。为了评估濒危药用植物的种群状况，我对保护区的10种主要生境类型进行了采样。在研究期间，我总共发现了60种濒危药用植物物种，其中54种出现在采样区。 22％的受威胁药用植物物种受到严重威胁，16％受到威胁，27％处于脆弱状态。喜马拉雅地区特有的32种濒危药用植物物种。受威胁药用植物物种的密度随保护区而变化。花卉谷保护区的濒危药用植物数量最多。在所有采样的10种栖息地类型中，“潮湿”栖息地类型最丰富。紫草（John Arnebia euchroma，Royle ex Benth。）Johnston和Ephedra gerardiana Wall。前斯塔夫是最常见的濒危药用植物。土著医治人员利用这些受威胁物种治愈了约45种不同的疾病。根据我的发现，我相信为确保受威胁药用植物的长期可持续性，应建立药用植物保护区。

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