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Applying network analysis to the conservation of habitat trees in urban environments: a case study from Brisbane, Australia

机译：将网络分析应用于城市环境中的栖息地树木保护：以澳大利亚布里斯班为例

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In Australia more than 300 vertebrates, including 43 insectivorous bat species, depend on hollows in habitat trees for shelter, with many species using a network of multiple trees as roosts, We used roost-switching data on white-striped freetail bats (Tadarida australis; Microchiroptera: Molossidae) to construct a network representation of day roosts in suburban Brisbane, Australia. Bats were caught from a communal roost tree with a roosting group of several hundred individuals and released with transmitters. Each roost used by the bats represented a node in the network, and the movements of bats between roosts formed the links between nodes. Despite differences in gender and reproductive stages, the bats exhibited the same behavior throughout three radiotelemetry periods and over 500 bat days of radio tracking: each roosted in separate roosts, switched roosts very infrequently, and associated with other bats only at the communal roost This network resembled a scale-free network in which the distribution of the number of links from each roost followed a power law. Despite being spread over a large geographic area (> 200 km(2)), each roost was connected to others by less than three links. One roost (the hub or communal roost) defined the architecture of the network because it had the most links. That the network showed scale-free properties has profound implications for the management of the habitat trees of this roosting group. Scale-free networks provide high tolerance against stochastic events such as random roost removals but are susceptible to the selective removal of hub nodes. Network analysis is a useful tool for understanding the structural organization of habitat tree usage and allows the informed judgment of the relative importance of individual trees and hence the derivation of appropriate management decisions, Conservation planners and managers should emphasize the differential importance of habitat trees and think of them as being analogous to vital service centers in human societies.
机译：在澳大利亚，有300多种脊椎动物，包括43种食虫蝙蝠物种，依靠栖息地树木的空洞作为庇护所，许多物种利用多棵树的网络作为栖息地。我们使用了白色条纹的无尾蝙蝠（Tadarida australis; Microchiroptera：Molossidae），用于在澳大利亚布里斯班郊区构建日间栖息地的网络表示。蝙蝠是从一个有数百只栖息地的集体栖息树上捕获的，并与发射器一起释放。蝙蝠使用的每个栖息地都代表网络中的一个节点，并且蝙蝠在栖息地之间的运动形成了节点之间的链接。尽管性别和生殖阶段有所不同，但蝙蝠在三个无线电遥测周期和超过500个蝙蝠日的无线电跟踪过程中仍表现出相同的行为：每个蝙蝠栖息在单独的栖息地中，很少换种栖息地，并且仅在公共栖息地与其他蝙蝠相关联类似于无标度网络，其中来自每个网络的链接数量的分布遵循幂律。尽管分布在较大的地理区域（> 200 km（2）），但每个栖息地都通过少于三个链接与其他栖息地相连。一个栖息地（集线器或公共栖息地）定义了网络的架构，因为它具有最多的链接。该网络显示出无标度特性对这个栖息地群体的生境树的管理具有深远的意义。无标度网络可对随机事件（例如，随机栖息地删除）等随机事件提供较高的容忍度，但易受集线器节点选择性删除的影响。网络分析是了解栖息地树木使用情况的结构性组织的有用工具，可以根据知情判断单个树木的相对重要性，从而得出适当的管理决策，保护规划者和管理者应强调栖息地树木的重要性，并思考它们类似于人类社会的重要服务中心。

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