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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Incorporating Geographical and Evolutionary Rarity into Conservation Prioritization
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Incorporating Geographical and Evolutionary Rarity into Conservation Prioritization

机译：将地理和进化稀有性纳入保护优先级

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摘要

Key goals of conservation are to protect both species and the functional and genetic diversity they represent. A strictly species-based approach may underrepresent rare, threatened, or genetically distinct species and overrepresent widespread species. Although reserves are created for a number of reasons, including economic, cultural, and ecological reasons, their efficacy has been measured primarily in terms of how well species richness is protected, and it is useful to compare how well they protect other measures of diversity. We used Proteaceae species-occurrence data in the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa to illustrate differences in the spatial distribution of species and evolutionary diversity estimated from a new maximum-likelihood molecular phylogeny. We calculated species richness, phylogenetic diversity (i.e., summed phylogenetic branch lengths in a site), and a site-aggregated measure of biogeographically weighted evolutionary distinctiveness (i.e., an abundance weighted measure that captures the unique proportion of the phylogenetic tree a species represents) for sites throughout the Cape Floristic Region. Species richness and phylogenetic diversity values were highly correlated for sites in the region, but species richness was concentrated at a few sites that underrepresented the much more spatially extensive distribution of phylogenetic diversity. Biogeographically weighted evolutionary diversity produced a scheme of prioritization distinct from the other 2 metrics and highlighted southern sites as conservation priorities. In these sites, the high values of biogeographically weighted evolutionary distinctiveness were the result of a nonrandom relation between evolutionary distinctiveness and geographical rarity, where rare species also tended to have high levels of evolutionary distinctiveness. Such distinct and rare species are of particular concern, but are not captured by conservation schemes that focus on species richness or phylogenetic diversity alone.
机译：保护的主要目标是保护物种及其代表的功能和遗传多样性。严格基于物种的方法可能不足以代表稀有，受威胁或遗传上不同的物种，而代表过多的是广泛的物种。尽管建立保护区的原因很多，包括经济，文化和生态方面的原因，但其有效性主要是根据物种丰富度的保护程度来衡量的，比较保护其他物种多样性的保护程度是有用的。我们使用南非开普植物区的Proteaceae物种发生数据来说明物种的空间分布差异和根据新的最大似然分子系统发育估计的进化多样性。我们计算了物种丰富度，系统发育多样性（即某个站点的系统发育分支总和），以及对生物地理加权的进化独特性进行了站点汇总的度量（即，一种捕获物种所占比例的系统发育树的独特比例的丰度加权度量）用于整个佛得角海角地区的网站。物种丰富度和系统发育多样性值与该地区的地点高度相关，但是物种丰富度集中在少数几个站点，这些站点代表的系统发育多样性在空间上的分布更为广泛。以生物地理加权的进化多样性产生了与其他两个指标不同的优先方案，并强调了南部地区是保护的重点。在这些地点，生物地理加权的进化独特性的高价值是进化独特性和地理稀有性之间非随机关系的结果，稀有物种也往往具有较高的进化独特性。这种独特而稀有的物种尤其令人关注，但不能仅由专注于物种丰富性或系统发生多样性的保护计划来捕获。

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