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Misdirections in conservation biology

机译：保护生物学的误导

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The hypothesis that conservation biology is proceeding along two separate trajectories (Caughley 1994) has provoked extensive discussion. Caughley's dichotomy, a "small-population" paradigm versus a "declining-population" paradigm, has recently been exemplified in discussion of management strategies for conservation of the Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch). Recommendations from extensive fieldwork focused on reducing the major known threat to the species-habitat destruction-and proposed a strategy of forest management and protection. A population and habitat viability analysis focused on an entirely different issue-low genetic diversity-and proposed a program of single-species genetic management. It is not surprising that geneticists see inbreeding as a major conservation problem, and it is not unusual that ecologists focus on how ecology relates to conservation. A problem results when managers assume that addressing only one or the other of these factors is the appropriate conservation action. Conservation biologists must learn to thoroughly analyze every conservation problem before trying to solve it. We must actively involve experts from all fields in forming and reviewing conservation strategies. If only captive breeding specialists or ecologists are invited to address a problem, then the techniques employed to solve it will be irrevocably biased. We do not all see the world in the same way, even within the relatively small field of conservation. To achieve effective conservation action, we must learn to balance and capitalize on our different perspectives. [References: 38]
机译：保护生物学是沿着两个不同的轨迹前进的假说（Caughley 1994）引起了广泛的讨论。 Caughley的二分法，“小种群”范式与“减少种群”范式，最近在讨论保护爪哇长臂猿（Hylobates moloch）的管理策略中得到了体现。广泛的野外工作的建议着重于减少对物种的主要已知威胁-栖息地的破坏，并提出了森林管理和保护战略。人口和栖息地生存力分析着眼于一个完全不同的问题-低遗传多样性-并提出了单一物种遗传管理计划。遗传学家将近交视为主要的保护问题也就不足为奇了，生态学家专注于生态学与保护的关系也并不罕见。当管理者认为仅解决这些因素中的一个或另一个是适当的保护措施时，就会产生问题。保护生物学家必须学会彻底分析每个保护问题，然后再尝试解决它。我们必须积极邀请各领域的专家参与制定和审查保护策略。如果仅邀请圈养育种专家或生态学家来解决问题，那么解决该问题所采用的技术将不可避免地存在偏见。即使在相对较小的保护领域内，我们也不都是以相同的方式看待世界。为了采取有效的保护行动，我们必须学会平衡和利用我们的不同观点。 [参考：38]

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