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Assessing the components of adaptive capacity to improve conservation and management efforts under global change

机译：评估适应能力的组成部分，以改善全球变化下的保护和管理工作

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Natural-resource managers and other conservation practitioners are under unprecedented pressure to categorize and quantify the vulnerability of natural systems based on assessment of the exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity of species to climate change. Despite the urgent need for these assessments, neither the theoretical basis of adaptive capacity nor the practical issues underlying its quantification has been articulated in a manner that is directly applicable to natural-resource management. Both are critical for researchers, managers, and other conservation practitioners to develop reliable strategies for assessing adaptive capacity. Drawing from principles of classical and contemporary research and examples from terrestrial, marine, plant, and animal systems, we examined broadly the theory behind the concept of adaptive capacity. We then considered how interdisciplinary, trait-and triage-based approaches encompassing the oft-overlooked interactions among components of adaptive capacity can be used to identify species and populations likely to have higher (or lower) adaptive capacity. We identified the challenges and value of such endeavors and argue for a concerted interdisciplinary research approach that combines ecology, ecological genetics, and eco-physiology to reflect the interacting components of adaptive capacity. We aimed to provide a basis for constructive discussion between natural-resource managers and researchers, discussions urgently needed to identify research directions that will deliver answers to real-world questions facing resource managers, other conservation practitioners, and policy makers. Directing research to both seek general patterns and identify ways to facilitate adaptive capacity of key species and populations within species, will enable conservation ecologists and resource managers to maximize returns on research and management investment and arrive at novel and dynamic management and policy decisions.
机译：自然资源管理者和其他保护从业人员承受着空前的压力，需要根据对物种的暴露程度，敏感性和对气候变化的适应能力的评估，对自然系统的脆弱性进行分类和量化。尽管迫切需要进行这些评估，但没有以直接适用于自然资源管理的方式阐明适应能力的理论基础或量化其基础的实际问题。两者对于研究人员，管理人员和其他保护从业人员制定评估适应能力的可靠策略都是至关重要的。借鉴古典和当代研究的原理以及陆地，海洋，植物和动物系统的实例，我们广泛研究了适应能力概念背后的理论。然后，我们考虑了如何使用跨学科，基于特征和分类的方法，包括适应能力各组成部分之间经常被忽视的相互作用，可以用来识别可能具有更高（或更低）适应能力的物种和种群。我们确定了这些努力的挑战和价值，并提出了一种将生态学，生态遗传学和生态生理学结合起来的跨学科研究方法，以反映适应能力的相互作用。我们旨在为自然资源管理者与研究人员之间的建设性讨论提供基础，为确定研究方向而迫切需要进行的讨论，以便为资源管理者，其他保护从业人员和政策制定者所面临的现实世界的问题提供答案。引导研究既寻求一般模式，又找到促进关键物种和物种内部种群适应能力的方法，将使保护生态学家和资源管理人员能够最大化研究和管理投资的回报，并得出新颖而动态的管理和政策决策。

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