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Fluorinated organocatalysts for the enantioselective epoxidation of enals: Molecular preorganisation by the fluorine-iminium ion Gauche effect

机译:烯类对映体选择性环氧化的氟化有机催化剂:氟亚胺离子Gauche效应引起的分子预组织

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摘要

The fluorine-iminium ion gauche effect is triggered upon union of a secondary β-fluoroamine and an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, providing a useful strategy for controlling the molecular topology of intermediates that are central to organocatalytic processes. The β-fluoroamine (S)-2-(fluorodiphenylmethyl)pyrrolidine (1) is an effective catalyst for the enantioselective epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. A process of structural editing has revealed that the efficiency of this catalyst is due to the (fluorodiphenyl)methyl group when it is embedded in a β-fluoroiminium motif. Epoxidations of challenging cyclic α,β-disubstituted, β,β-disubstituted and α,β,β-trisubstituted enals catalysed by 1 proceed with excellent levels of enantiocontrol (up to 98 % ee). Fluorine finesse! The β-fluoroamine (S)-2-(fluorodiphenylmethyl)pyrrolidine (1) is an effective catalyst for the enantioselective epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes (see scheme). Application of this catalyst to challenging cyclic α,β-disubstituted enals, β,β-disubstituted enals, and an α,β,β-trisubstituted enal proceeds in a highly enantioselective fashion (up to 98 % ee).
机译:当仲β-氟胺与α,β-不饱和醛结合后会触发氟亚胺离子的纱网效应,为控制有机催化过程中重要的中间体的分子拓扑提供了有用的策略。 β-氟胺(S)-2-(氟二苯基甲基)吡咯烷(1)是α,β-不饱和醛的对映选择性环氧化的有效催化剂。结构编辑的过程表明,该催化剂的效率归因于将其嵌入β-氟亚胺基序中的(氟二苯基)甲基。 1催化的具有挑战性的环状α,β-二取代,β,β-二取代和α,β,β-三取代的烯醛的对映体控制水平极高(最高ee为98%)。氟精! β-氟胺(S)-2-(氟二苯基甲基)吡咯烷(1)是α,β-不饱和醛对映选择性环氧化的有效催化剂(参见方案)。将该催化剂用于具有挑战性的环状α,β-二取代的烯醛,β,β-二取代的烯醛和α,β,β-三取代的烯醛,以高度对映选择性的方式(至多98%ee)进行。

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