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首页> 外文期刊>Continental Shelf Research: A Companion Journal to Deep-Sea Research and Progress in Oceanography >The freshwater transport and dynamics of the western Maine coastal current
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The freshwater transport and dynamics of the western Maine coastal current

机译：缅因州西部沿海水流的淡水运输和动态

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Observations in the Gulf of Maine, USA, were used to characterize the freshwater transport, temporal variability and dynamics of the western Maine coastal current. These observations included moored measurements, multiple hydrographic surveys, and drifter releases during April-July of 1993 and 1994. There is a strong seasonal signal in salinity and along-shore velocity of the coastal current, caused by the freshwater inputs of the rivers entering the western Gulf. Surface salinity within the coastal current during the spring freshet is typically 2 psu below ambient, and along-shore currents in the surface layer are directed southwestward at speeds of 0.10-0.20 m s(-1) occasionally reaching 0.50 m s(-1). The plume thickness is typically 10-20 m in water depths of 50-100 m, thus it is well isolated from the bottom over most of its areal extent. The along-coast freshwater transport within the plume varies considerably due to variations in wind stress, but on time scales of weeks to months it follows the variations of riverine input, with a time lag consistent with the advective velocity. Less than half of the transport of the coastal current is explained by the baroclinic gradient; the barotropic forcing associated with the larger-scale dynamics of the Gulf of Maine accounts for about 60% of the transport. The volume of freshwater transport in the coastal current exceeds the local riverine input of fresh water by 30%, suggesting a significant contribution of freshwater transport from the St. John River, 500 km northeastward. The measurements within the western Maine coastal current, however, indicate a significant decrease in the baroclinic transport of fresh water along the coast, with an e-folding scale of approximately 200 km. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：美国缅因湾的观测资料被用来描述缅因州西部沿海水流的淡水运输，时间变化和动力学特征。这些观测结果包括停泊的测量值，多次水文测量以及1993年4月至7月期间的水流释放。沿海河流的盐度和沿岸速度存在强烈的季节性信号，这是由于进入河流的淡水输入引起的。墨西哥湾西部。春季新生期间沿海水流中的表面盐度通常比周围环境低2 psu，表层的沿海水流以0.10-0.20 m s（-1）的速度向西南方向引导，偶尔达到0.50 m s（-1）。在50-100 m的水深中，羽流厚度通常为10-20 m，因此在大部分面积上都与底部隔离良好。由于风应力的变化，沿羽流的沿海淡水运输变化很大，但是在数周到数月的时间尺度上，它跟随河流输入的变化，其时滞与对流速度一致。斜流梯度解释了海岸流输送量的不到一半。与缅因湾大尺度动力学相关的正压强迫约占运输量的60％。沿海流中的淡水运输量比当地河流输入的淡水多了30％，这表明来自东北500公里的圣约翰河的淡水运输贡献很大。但是，缅因州西部沿海流域的测量结果表明，沿海岸的淡水斜压输送显着减少，电子折叠规模约为200 km。 （C）2004 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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