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首页> 外文期刊>Corrosion Reviews >The natural gas industry: equipment, materials, and corrosion
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The natural gas industry: equipment, materials, and corrosion

机译：天然气工业：设备，材料和腐蚀

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摘要

Corrosion is a crucial worldwide problem that strongly affects the oil and gas industry. Natural gas (NG) is a source of energy used in industrial, residential, commercial, and electric applications. The abundance of NG in many countries augurs a profitable situation for the vast energy industry. NG is considered friendlier to the environment and has lesser greenhouse gas emissions compared with other fossil fuels. In the last years, shale gas is increasingly exploited in the USA and in Europe, using a hydraulic fracturing (fracking) technique for releasing gas from the bedrock by injection of saline water, acidic chemicals, and sand to the wells. Various critical sectors of the NG industry infrastructure suffer from several types of corrosion: steel casings of production wells and their drilling equipment, gas-conveying pipelines including pumps and valves, plants for regasification of liquefied NG, and municipal networks of NG distribution to the consumers. Practical technologies that minimize or prevent corrosion include selection of corrosion-resistant engineering materials, cathodic protection, use of corrosion inhibitors, and application of external and internal paints, coatings, and linings. Typical cases of corrosion management in the NG industry are presented based on the authors' experience and knowledge.
机译：腐蚀是一个至关重要的全球性问题，严重影响着石油和天然气行业。天然气（NG）是用于工业，住宅，商业和电力应用的能源。在许多国家，大量的天然气为广阔的能源行业带来了有利可图的局面。与其他化石燃料相比，天然气被认为对环境更友好，温室气体排放量更少。近年来，在美国和欧洲，页岩气得到了越来越多的开发，它采用了水力压裂（压裂）技术，通过向井中注入盐水，酸性化学物质和砂子，从基岩中释放出天然气。天然气工业基础设施的各个关键部门遭受多种腐蚀：生产井的钢套管及其钻井设备，包括泵和阀门的输气管道，液化天然气的再气化工厂以及向消费者分配天然气的市政网络。减少或防止腐蚀的实用技术包括选择耐腐蚀的工程材料，阴极保护，使用腐蚀抑制剂以及应用内部和内部油漆，涂料和衬里。基于作者的经验和知识，介绍了NG工业中腐蚀管理的典型案例。

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