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首页> 外文期刊>Current Biology: CB >A Glutamate-Dependent Redox System in Blood Cells Is Integral for Phagocytosis in Drosophila melanogaster
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A Glutamate-Dependent Redox System in Blood Cells Is Integral for Phagocytosis in Drosophila melanogaster

机译：血细胞中谷氨酸依赖的氧化还原系统是不可或缺的果蝇黑夜吞噬作用。

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摘要

Glutamate transport is highly regulated as glutamate directly acts as a neurotransmitter [1-3] and indirectly regulates the synthesis of antioxidants [4, 5]. Although glutamate deregulation has been repeatedly linked to serious human diseases such as HIV infection and Alzheimer's [6-8], glutamate's role in the immune system is still poorly understood. We find that a putative glutamate transporter in Drosophila melanogaster, polyphemus (polyph), plays an integral part in the fly's immune response. Flies with a disrupted polyph gene exhibit decreased phagocytosis of microbial-derived bioparticles. When infected with S. aureus, polyph flies show an increase in both susceptibility and bacterial growth. Additionally, the expression of two known glutamate transporters, gender-blind and excitatory amino acid transporter 1, in blood cells affects the flies' ability to phagocytose and survive after an infection. Consistent with previous data showing a regulatory role for glutamate transport in the synthesis of the major antioxidant glutathione, polyph flies produce more reactive oxygen species (ROS) as compared to wild-type flies when exposed to S. aureus. In conclusion, we demonstrate that a polyph-dependent redox system in blood cells is necessary to maintain the cells' immune-related functions. Furthermore, our model provides insight into how deregulation of glutamate transport may play a role in disease.
机译：谷氨酸的转运受到高度调节，因为谷氨酸直接充当神经递质[1-3]，间接调节抗氧化剂的合成[4，5]。尽管谷氨酸的失调与严重的人类疾病（如HIV感染和阿兹海默氏病[6-8]）反复相关，但人们对谷氨酸在免疫系统中的作用仍知之甚少。我们发现果蝇黑腹果蝇，polyphemus（polyph），一个假定的谷氨酸转运蛋白，在果蝇的免疫反应中起着不可或缺的作用。具有破坏的多态性基因的苍蝇表现出减少的微生物来源的生物颗粒的吞噬作用。当感染金黄色葡萄球菌时，息肉蝇显示出敏感性和细菌生长均增加。此外，血细胞中两种已知的谷氨酸转运蛋白（性别盲和兴奋性氨基酸转运蛋白1）的表达会影响果蝇吞噬和感染后存活的能力。与先前的数据显示谷氨酸转运在主要抗氧化剂谷胱甘肽的合成中起调节作用的数据一致，与野生型果蝇接触时，与野生型果蝇相比，多形果蝇产生更多的活性氧（ROS）。总之，我们证明血细胞中依赖于多形性的氧化还原系统对于维持细胞的免疫相关功能是必需的。此外，我们的模型提供了关于谷氨酸转运失调如何在疾病中起作用的见解。

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