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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Prey abundance and leopard diet in a plantation and rainforest landscape, Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats
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Prey abundance and leopard diet in a plantation and rainforest landscape, Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats

机译：西高止山脉阿纳马莱山的人工林和雨林景观中的猎物丰富和豹食

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摘要

Leopards use a wide range of habitats from natural forests to plantations in human-dominated landscapes. Within interface areas, understanding leopard ecology and diet can help in conservation management and conflict avoidance. In a fragmented rainforest and plantation landscape in southern India, we examined diet of large carnivores (with a focus on leopards) using scat analysis with DNA-based identification of predator species, and estimated relative abundance of prey species in different land uses through transect surveys. Large carnivores predominantly consumed wild prey species (98.1%) and domestic prey species contributed 2% to overall prey biomass. For leopards, four wild prey species (Indian muntjac, Indian spotted chevrotain, sambar and Indian porcupine) contributed 95.1% of prey biomass, with the rest being minor wild prey species (no livestock in identified scats). Wild prey species occurred across the landscape but varied in relative abundance by land-use type, with forest fragments supporting higher abundance of many species relative to tea and coffee plantations. As large carnivores mainly depend on wild prey and rainforest fragments act as refuges for these mammals within the tea and coffee plantations, it is important to continue to retain or restore these forest fragments.
机译：豹使用从自然森林到人类主导景观中的人工林的多种栖息地。在界面区域内，了解豹子的生态和饮食可以帮助进行保护管理和避免冲突。在印度南部一个零散的热带雨林和人工林景观中，我们使用粪便分析和基于DNA的捕食动物物种识别研究了大型食肉动物（侧重于豹子）的饮食，并通过横断面调查估算了不同土地用途中的猎物物种相对丰度。大型食肉动物主要消耗野生猎物（98.1％），而国内猎物占总猎物生物量的<2％。对于豹子而言，四种野生猎物物种（印度杂种，印度斑点雪佛兰，水鹿和印度豪猪）贡献了95.1％的猎物生物量，其余为次要野生猎物物种（已识别的小便没有家畜）。野生猎物物种遍布整个景观，但是相对丰富度因土地利用类型而异，与茶和咖啡种植园相比，森林碎片支持了许多物种的更高丰度。由于大型食肉动物主要依靠野生猎物，而雨林碎片则是茶和咖啡种植园中这些哺乳动物的避难所，因此重要的是继续保留或恢复这些森林碎片。

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