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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Fluctuations of Endogenous Gibberellin A_4 and A_7 Content in Apple Fruits with Different Sensitivity to Russet
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Fluctuations of Endogenous Gibberellin A_4 and A_7 Content in Apple Fruits with Different Sensitivity to Russet

机译：苹果对赤褐色敏感性不同的内源赤霉素A_4和A_7含量的波动

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摘要

Skin russet of 'Golden Delicious' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) is the result of an interaction between an epidermal structure, more or less sensitive to the disorder, which is the predisposing cause, and external environmental factors, such as highrelative humidity, rain, low temperature, or some pesticide treatments. However, treatments with GA4 or GA_(4+7) in the first period of fruit development reduce russeting. Trees of four 'Golden Delicious' clones ('Clone B', 'Smoothee', 'Crielaard', and'Reinders') with different sensitivity to russeting were covered, in order to protect the fruitlets from russeting factors, for 1 week in weeks 2 to 8 after full bloom, or for the whole period, or kept uncovered as a control. Russeting was checked at harvest. The trial confirmed that the period of maximum sensitivity to russeting lies between the second and the fourth week after full bloom, when the fruit diameter is in the range between 15 to 30 mm. Gibberellin concentration was analyzed in uncovered fruitlets picked in the period of maximum sensitivity to russeting. In that period, fruits of the more sensitive clones showed a higher GA_7 amount and a lower GA_4 amount than fruits of less sensitive clones, where GA_4 was predominant. Similar results were obtained analyzing the gibberellin concentration, during the same stage of development, in a completely russeted cultivar ('Reinette Grise') and in a cultivar that never shows russeting ('Rosmarina Bianca'). Therefore, the resistance to russeting seems to be related to a high ratio of endogenous GA_4/GA_7 during the period of maximum sensitivity.
机译：“金冠苹果”（Malus domestica Borkh。）苹果的皮肤红斑是表皮结构（对这种疾病的诱发原因或多或少敏感）与外部环境因素（例如相对湿度高，雨水）相互作用的结果，低温或某些农药处理。但是，在果实发育的第一阶段用GA4或GA_（4 + 7）进行处理可减少褐斑。覆盖了四个对褐变敏感度不同的“金色美味”克隆（“克隆B”，“圆滑的人”，“ Crielaard”和“抑制者”）的树，以保护小果实免受褐变的影响，为期1周盛开后或整个时期2至8日，或作为对照未露露。在收获时检查赤褐色。该试验证实，当果实直径在15至30毫米之间时，对赤褐色的最大敏感期在盛开后的第二周至第四周之间。在对赤褐色最大敏感性的时期内，对未发现的小果实中的赤霉素浓度进行了分析。在那个时期，敏感性较高的克隆的果实显示出较高的GA_7含量，而GA_4的含量则比敏感性较低的克隆以GA_4为主。在完全发育不良的品种（'Reinette Grise'）和从未表现出褐色的品种（'Rosmarina Bianca'）中，在相同发育阶段分析赤霉素的浓度也获得了相似的结果。因此，抗褐变似乎与最大敏感性期间内源性GA_4 / GA_7的高比率有关。

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