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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Pruning Strategies to Maximize Leaf Production of Pollarded Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Tree Seedlings
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Pruning Strategies to Maximize Leaf Production of Pollarded Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Tree Seedlings

机译：修剪策略以最大限度地提高花粉辣木（Moringa oleifera Lam。）树苗的叶片产量

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摘要

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is a small multipurpose tree with many medicinal and nutritional uses that can withstand severe drought, persisting in areas where at times little else will grow. Cultivated in the dry tropics as a perennial vegetable tree, moringa is often pollarded to encourage lateral bud release and new shoot growth. Little information, however, is available regarding the management of tree standards following pollarding. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of four pruning strategies on leaf biomass production of 24 single-stem seedlings (mean height = 197.7 cm, mean caliper = 2.4 cm) that had been pollarded at 150 cm. Defoliated (DEF) plants released fewer lateral buds per node at more nodal points along the stem and provided dry weight yields similar to other treatments after a single harvest, but had inadequate regrowth for a second harvest. Pruning laterals that grew following pollarding to 10 cm (LP10) encouraged the release of more lateral buds per node onfewer nodes. Harvesting two lateral stems every 30 days (2S30), or when six fully expanded leaves were present on each stem (6LPS) provided significantly greater dry weight yields than DEF or LP10 treatments. Harvested biomass from plants with the six fully expanded leaves gave a 76:24 leaf:stem ratio and a dry weight that was 18% of fresh weight. No lateral buds were released on non-pollarded seedlings. Harvesting shoots when six fully expanded leaves are present is a useful guideline and provided 1.36 g dry weight-plant -day~(-1), or approximately 20 t ha~(-1) yr~(-1) when planted at 40,000 plants ha~(-1). Harvesting shoots at 30-day intervals worked well under the conditions of this study, but may not necessarily be appropriate for other growing locations. Horticultural practices that encourage sustainable production of moringa leaves using iterative growth processes will assist in meeting the nutritional needs of families in developing regions of the world.
机译：辣木（Moringa oleifera Lam。）是一棵小型多用途树，具有许多药用和营养用途，可以承受严重的干旱，并在某些地方很少生长的地方持续存在。辣木在干燥的热带地区作为多年生蔬菜树种植，经常被授粉以促进侧芽的释放和新芽的生长。但是，很少有信息可以了解花粉修剪后树木标准的管理。这项研究的目的是确定四种修剪策略对24株单茎苗（平均身高= 197.7 cm，平均厚度= 2.4 cm）在150 cm处已授粉的叶片生物量生产的影响。落叶（DEF）植物在茎上更多节点处每节释放的侧芽较少，单次收获后提供的干重产量与其他处理相似，但第二次收获的再生不足。授粉到10厘米（LP10）后生长的修剪侧枝鼓励在较少结点的每个结点释放更多的侧芽。每30天（2S30）或当每个茎上有六片完全展开的叶子（6LPS）时，收获两个侧生茎比DEF或LP10处理提供了明显更高的干重产量。从具有六片完全展开的叶子的植物中收获的生物量的叶：茎比率为76:24，干重为鲜重的18％。没有花粉的幼苗没有侧芽。当存在六片完全展开的叶子时收获枝条是一个有用的准则，可提供1.36 g干重植物-day〜（-1），或在40,000棵植物上种植时约20 t ha〜（-1）yr〜（-1）。 ha〜（-1）。在此研究的条件下，以30天为间隔进行收割效果很好，但不一定适合其他生长地点。鼓励使用迭代生长过程可持续生产辣木叶的园艺做法将有助于满足世界发展中地区家庭的营养需求。

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