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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Issues of good agriculture practice in market access - perspectives of the traders in the development of the papaya industry.
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Issues of good agriculture practice in market access - perspectives of the traders in the development of the papaya industry.

机译：市场准入中良好农业规范的问题-木瓜产业发展中商人的观点。

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This paper attempts to illustrate the challenges of market access for tropical fruit producing countries that are looking at export-led growth approaches to the development of their tropical fruit industry. The case for the papaya industry is quoted. The paper examines the guiding principles of Good Agriculture Practice, GAP, and how these principles could be a useful tool in overcoming the problems of market access. Papaya growers are finding it more and more difficult to manage their pest and disease problems. Many resort to more frequent pesticide application and more toxic pesticides. The issue of MRL becomes prominent. Transnational supermarkets are getting more powerful and more stringent with their product quality definition. Importing countries are enacting very convincing and effective NTB on the papaya producing countries, as quickly as they are signing Free Trade Agreements with the same producer countries. The farmers are faced with a multitude of dead-ends. Where do they go from here? Good Agriculture Practice could be an approach towards overcoming many of the problems faced by the farmers; (i) by complying with the requirements of the supermarket buyers, and (ii) with better cultivation practices and the knowledge that the farmers could derive from the researchers, the farmers could achieve more sustainable production. However, these could only remain as illusive policy objectives for many governments of the producer countries. There is much that the government has to do to in order to realize these aims; ensuring an effective transfer of knowledge and technology to the farmers, that there are capable extension officers to do the work, that the infrastructure capacities are in place, and that all the stakeholders of the industry fully understand what GAP is really about.
机译：本文试图说明热带水果生产国的市场准入挑战，这些国家正在研究以出口为导向的增长方式来发展热带水果产业。引用了木瓜行业的案例。本文研究了良好农业规范（GAP）的指导原则，以及这些原则如何成为克服市场准入问题的有用工具。木瓜种植者发现控制病虫害的难度越来越大。许多人诉诸更频繁的农药施用和更具毒性的农药。 MRL的问题变得突出。跨国超市的产品质量定义越来越强大和严格。进口国在与木瓜生产国签署自由贸易协定之初，就对木瓜生产国颁布了非常令人信服和有效的非关税壁垒。农民面临着种种死胡同。他们从这里去哪里？良好农业规范可以成为解决农民面临的许多问题的一种方法; （i）符合超级市场购买者的要求，并且（ii）拥有更好的耕作方式以及农民可以从研究人员那里获得知识，农民可以实现更可持续的生产。但是，对于生产国的许多政府而言，这些只能作为虚幻的政策目标。为了实现这些目标，政府要做的事情很多。确保将知识和技术有效地转让给农民，确保有能力的推广人员来完成工作，确保基础设施能力到位，并且该行业的所有利益相关者都充分了解GAP的实质。

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