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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Global warming in Europe and its impacts on floral bud phenology in fruit species.
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Global warming in Europe and its impacts on floral bud phenology in fruit species.

机译：欧洲的全球变暖及其对水果物种花蕾物候的影响。

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摘要

In the context of climate change, the fruit tree sector has specific vulnerabilities, such as perennial plantations and a complex flowering process to achieve fruit production. More particularly, warming impacts on floral bud phenology and their subjacent effects have been investigated for fruit tree species in different European regions. Numerous flowering data collected in contrasting temperature conditions (location, period) highlighted similar and significant advances in dates of different phenological stages for all the locations and fruit species. That means strong impacts of temperature changes in Europe (low interactions cultivar x temperature). The statistical analysis supports a general coincidence at the end of the 1980s between abrupt phenological changes toward flowering advances and marked climate changes toward higher temperatures. Moreover, the use of modelling parameters highly suggests that warming exerted two opposing effects simultaneously, i.e., a slower mean rate of completion for the chilling requirement and a higher mean rate of completion of the heat requirement. A more pronounced intensity of this last effect, in agreement with more marked temperature increases in winter than in autumn, might explain flowering advances. Nevertheless, some regional differences have been also highlighted, which needs further investigations.
机译：在气候变化的背景下，果树部门具有特定的脆弱性，例如多年生人工林和实现水果生产的复杂开花过程。更具体地，已经研究了欧洲不同地区的果树物种变暖对花芽物候的影响及其下层影响。在不同温度条件（地点，时期）下收集的大量开花数据突显了所有地点和水果种类在不同物候阶段的日期都具有相似且重要的进展。这意味着欧洲温度变化的影响很大（交互作用品种x温度低）。统计分析表明，在1980年代末期，开花期的突然物候变化与气温升高时的显着气候变化之间存在着普遍的一致性。此外，模型参数的使用强烈暗示了变暖同时施加了两个相反的效果，即，较慢的平均完成率和较高的平均完成率。与冬季比秋季秋季明显升高的温度相一致，最后一种效应的强度更为明显，这可以解释开花的进展。但是，还强调了一些区域差异，需要进一步调查。

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