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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Influence of climate change on berry crop growing in Latvia.
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Influence of climate change on berry crop growing in Latvia.

机译：气候变化对拉脱维亚浆果作物生长的影响。

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摘要

Climatic data of 1960 to 2008 from the Pure Meteorological station and phenological data, bud break, beginning of flowering and harvesting times, from the Pure Horticultural Research Centre, central-west part of Latvia, were used in this study. Average year temperature rise in this period was approximately 2 degrees C, but during winter, temperature increased approximately 3 degrees C. The highest rises were in January (4.7 degrees C), February (3.2 degrees C), March (3.5 degrees C) and April (2.9 degrees C) as well as in summer months, i.e. July (3.1 degrees C) and August (2.6 degrees C). At the same time, increase in June (0.6 degrees C) and autumn, especially October (0.2 degrees C), was quite small. Temperature rise in winter advanced bud break for 22 to 25 days and rise in April advanced flowering for 9-16 days, depending on the cultivar. Average harvesting date did not change in the period studied. These observed changes challenge berry production in Latvia: damage by late winter frosts after break of dormancy in warm January, especially for low-chill cultivars; reduced bud break due to non-sufficient chill after warm winters for high-chill cultivars; spread of pests and diseases due to increased temperatures and rainfall; and increased risk of spring frost damage because of earlier flowering.
机译：在这项研究中，使用了1960年至2008年来自纯气象站的气候数据以及物候数据，芽断裂，开花和收获时间的开始（来自拉脱维亚中西部地区的纯园艺研究中心）。在此期间，年平均温度升高约2摄氏度，但在冬季，温度升高约3摄氏度。最高的升高出现在1月（4.7摄氏度），2月（3.2摄氏度），3月（3.5摄氏度）和4月（2.9摄氏度）以及夏季，即7月（3.1摄氏度）和8月（2.6摄氏度）。同时，6月（0.6摄氏度）和秋季（尤其是10月（0.2摄氏度））的增加幅度很小。取决于品种，冬季的温度升高使提前的花蕾断裂持续22至25天，4月的升高使开花提前9-16天。在研究期间，平均收获日期没有变化。这些观察到的变化对拉脱维亚的浆果生产构成了挑战：在一月温暖的休眠期中断后，冬末霜冻所造成的损害，特别是对低冷品种而言;减少温暖冬季后寒冷不足导致的芽裂;由于气温升高和降雨增加，病虫害扩散;以及由于开花较早而增加春季霜冻损害的风险。

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