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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Evaluation of the growth of date palm seedlings irrigated with saline water in the Sultanate of Oman.
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Evaluation of the growth of date palm seedlings irrigated with saline water in the Sultanate of Oman.

机译：阿曼苏丹国用盐水灌溉的椰枣幼苗生长的评估。

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摘要

The Sultanate of Oman is an arid country (temperature ranges 7 to 50 degrees C) located in the southeast corner of the Arabian Peninsula having a coastal line of almost 1700 km, bordering three seas: the Arabian Gulf, the Sea of Oman and the Arabian Sea. Rainfall (scarce and random) ranges between 50 to 300 mm with an annual mean of less than 100 mm. Irrigation water is highly scarce and groundwater (major part saline) is the main resource which ultimately causes soil salinization resulting in growth and yield losses of crops and desertification. Date palm is the major crop. Abandoning of date palm orchards has increased due to very low yields because of soil and water salinity. The situation required a systematic research. Therefore, this experimental work was conducted to investigate the water salinity tolerance of important date palm varieties. The study was performed to screen tissue derived date palm varieties for tolerance to water salinity [Treatments: A. Categories of irrigation water: ECiw 3 (Control), 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 dS m-1 B. Date palm varieties: 'Khalas', 'Khunaizy' and 'Abunarenjeh']. A uniform dose of N=0.375, P=0.20 and K=0.30 kg plant-1 year-1 was applied. Growth parameters: plant height, plant girth, number of new fronds and length of fronds were recorded annually for two years coupled with soil and plant analysis. The research work was undertaken at the Agricultural Research Center (ARC) Rumais, Oman during the years 2006-08 (split plot design with four replications in a low EC sandy loam soil having very good drainage). Fresh water (EC 1.0 dS m-1) and the saline water (EC 35-40 dS m-1) were mixed in appropriate ratios to get the desired levels of ECiw. Data indicated a significant decrease in growth of all the three date palm varieties during irrigation for two consistent years with saline water of 6-18 dS m-1 when compared with 3 dS m-1. However, a 50% decline was recorded only at water EC 18 dS m-1. Therefore, date palm could be regarded as highly salt tolerant. Much difference between salt tolerance potential of the three varieties was not recorded, only 'Khunaizy' showed a little edge over the other two. A significant increase in leaf Na and decrease in K was observed while Cl remained unchanged. The physiological basis of salt tolerance in date palm was found as a strict control on Na and Cl concentration in leaves and keeping up the K content. It can be recommended that Date palm plants (seedlings of varieties 'Khalas', 'Khunaizy' and 'Abunarinjah') can be irrigated with saline water during vegetative growth. However, a significant decline in growth will be expected when the EC of irrigation water exceeds 9 dS m-1 that may reach up to 50% with water EC 18 dS m-1 (in sandy soil with very good drainage). The research has to be continued on irrigation with saline water at later stages of growth; the reproductive, fruit setting and maturity stages.
机译：阿曼苏丹国是一个干旱的国家（温度范围7至50摄氏度），位于阿拉伯半岛的东南角，沿海线近1700公里，与三大洋接壤：阿拉伯海湾，阿曼海和阿拉伯海海。降雨量（稀少和随机）范围在50到300毫米之间，年平均降雨量小于100毫米。灌溉水非常稀缺，地下水（主要是盐水）是主要资源，最终导致土壤盐碱化，从而导致作物的生长和减产以及荒漠化。枣椰子是主要农作物。由于土壤和水的盐分含量极低，导致枣椰果园的废弃率增加。这种情况需要进行系统的研究。因此，进行了该实验工作以研究重要的枣椰子品种的水盐耐性。进行了这项研究，以筛选出组织衍生的枣椰子品种对水盐分的耐受性[处理：A.灌溉用水类别：EC iw 3（对照），6、9、12、15和18 dS m -1 B.枣椰子品种：“ Khalas”，“ Khunaizy”和“ Abunarenjeh”]。施用N = 0.375，P = 0.20和K = 0.30kg的植物 -1 年 -1 。生长参数：两年内每年记录植物高度，植物周长，新叶状体的数量和叶状体的长度，并进行土壤和植物分析。该研究工作于2006-08年在阿曼Rumais的农业研究中心（ARC）进行（分割地块设计，在低EC沙壤土中具有四份重复性，排水性非常好）。将淡水（EC 1.0 dS m -1 ）和盐水（EC 35-40 dS m -1 ）以适当的比例混合，以获得所需的EC水平 iw 。数据表明，在连续的两年中，使用6-18 dS m -1 的盐水灌溉后，所有三个枣椰树品种的生长显着下降，而3 dS m -1 < / sup>。但是，仅在EC 18 dS m -1 水上记录到了50％的下降。因此，枣椰子可以被认为是高度耐盐的。没有记录到三个品种的耐盐潜力之间的很大差异，只有“ Khunaizy”比其他两个品种显示出一点优势。观察到叶片Na的显着增加和K的减少，而Cl保持不变。发现椰枣耐盐性的生理基础是严格控制叶片中Na和Cl的浓度并保持K含量。可以建议在营养生长过程中，可用盐水浇灌枣枣植物（“ Khalas”，“ Khunaizy”和“ Abunarinjah”品种的幼苗）。但是，当灌溉水的EC值超过9 dS m -1 时，预计增​​长将显着下降，而用水EC值为18 dS m -1 （在排水良好的沙质土壤中）。在生长的后期，必须继续用盐水灌溉的研究。生殖，坐果和成熟阶段。

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