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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >People and nature: integrating aesthetics and ecology on accessible green roofs.
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People and nature: integrating aesthetics and ecology on accessible green roofs.

机译：人与自然：在可到达的绿色屋顶上融合美学与生态。

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The promotion of green roofs for their wider value for biodiversity has received great attention over the past five to ten years. Indeed, in a number of European cities, the main driver for implementation of green roofs is their habitat value, particularly where development on the ground is destroying or threatening protected or rare wildlife sites. In many ways, consideration of biodiversity has revolutionised green roof design. A particular approach has developed that has lead to certain types of green roof being referred to as 'biodiversity roofs', and a set of rules has emerged (closely related to concepts of restoration ecology) that typify an approach that is good for biodiversity. Whilst this may be a positive development, many such roofs are dominated by ecological ideas, and there is little consideration of aesthetic factors, or of human preference. This paper reviews some of these rules or assumptions, using the latest scientific evidence, and evaluates their direct application to the green roof context. Specific aspects covered include: the use of native plant species only (assumed to be better fitted than non-natives to regional climates, and to support a wider range of other life than non-native plants); the use of locally-characteristic plant communities (assumed to provide local distinctiveness, and again because such communities are better fitted to local conditions); the use of local-provenance material and local ecotypes (assumed to preserve local genetic diversity and locally adapted populations); and the use of local soils and substrates (assumed to be better fitted to local conditions, to best support local vegetation, and to have lower 'embodied energy' than other substrates). Many of these assumptions do not hold true in pure ecological terms, but they are highly beneficial in creating distinctive green roofs that reflect local conditions. Finally, a framework is set out that considers aesthetic as well as scientific criteria when designing green roofs for biodiversity.
机译：在过去的五到十年中，推广绿色屋顶为其更广泛的生物多样性价值受到了广泛的关注。确实，在许多欧洲城市中，实施绿色屋顶的主要动力是它们的栖息地价值，尤其是在地面发展正在破坏或威胁受保护或稀有野生动植物的地方。在许多方面，对生物多样性的考虑彻底改变了屋顶绿化设计。已经开发出一种特殊的方法，导致某些类型的绿色屋顶被称为“生物多样性屋顶”，并且出现了一套规则（与恢复生态学概念密切相关），该规则代表了一种对生物多样性有益的方法。尽管这可能是一个积极的发展，但许多此类屋顶都被生态理念所占据，并且很少考虑美学因素或人类喜好。本文使用最新的科学证据回顾了其中一些规则或假设，并评估了它们在绿色屋顶环境中的直接应用。所涵盖的具体方面包括：仅使用本土植物物种（假定比非本土植物更适合区域气候，并且比非本土植物更广泛地支持其他生命）;使用具有地方特色的植物群落（假定具有地方特色，再次是因为这些群落更适合当地条件）;使用当地来源的材料和当地的生态类型（假设是为了保护当地的遗传多样性和当地适应的种群）;以及使用当地的土壤和底材（假定比其他底材更好地适应当地条件，以最好地支撑当地植被，并具有较低的“体现能量”）。这些假设中的许多假设在纯粹的生态学意义上都不成立，但是对于创建反映当地情况的独特绿色屋顶非常有帮助。最后，提出了一个框架，在设计生物多样性的绿色屋顶时要考虑美学和科学标准。

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