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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Irrigation scheduling systems based on water content gauges for citrus trees - some data of several case studies in the Southeast of Spain.
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Irrigation scheduling systems based on water content gauges for citrus trees - some data of several case studies in the Southeast of Spain.

机译：基于水分计的柑桔树灌溉计划系统-西班牙东南部一些案例研究的一些数据。

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摘要

Along the Mediterranean countries, water scarcity is a structural problem. In the Southest of Spain water shortage is becoming more acute, specially in the agricultural sector. In these areas the cultivation of citrus fruits is very important but those are irrigation, intensive crops with important water requirements. In order to optimize available water offer and rationalize the demand management an increase of the efficiency of existing irrigation systems could be achieved by the improvement of irrigation scheduling techniques. During the last years, irrigation systems have undergone a modernisation process, the majority of which implied the change of surface irrigation to drip irrigation systems. These changes have been promoted both by national and regional administrations and farmers. However, the adoption of drip irrigation has not involved an adequate irrigation management and thus, these irrigation facilities have not reached high values of efficiency, as compared to the potential efficiency of drip irrigation systems. An adequate irrigation scheduling is necessary in order to increase the efficiency values mainly avoiding infiltration water losses and applying only the water required to meet crop water needs. Traditional irrigation scheduling is based on a soil water balance model as the proposed by FAO. This methodology has proven to be partially accurate for fruit trees. For this reason is important to assess some possible alternatives or complements to the FAO model. Finally, the application of several systems of irrigation scheduling for citrus trees based on water content gauges has been studied. Some results, advantages and disadvantages of these systems are analyzed.
机译：在地中海国家，缺水是一个结构性问题。在西班牙最南部，缺水现象变得更加严重，特别是在农业部门。在这些地区，柑橘类水果的种植非常重要，但这些都是灌溉，密集的作物，需要大量的水。为了优化可用水量和合理化需求管理，可以通过改进灌溉调度技术来提高现有灌溉系统的效率。在过去的几年中，灌溉系统经历了现代化的过程，其中大多数意味着将地面灌溉系统改为滴灌系统。这些变化已得到国家和地区政府以及农民的推动。然而，滴灌的采用并未涉及适当的灌溉管理，因此，与滴灌系统的潜在效率相比，这些灌溉设施尚未达到很高的效率值。为了提高效率值，主要是避免渗入水的损失，仅施用满足作物需水的水，必须有适当的灌溉计划。传统的灌溉计划以粮农组织建议的土壤水平衡模型为基础。该方法已被证明对于果树是部分准确的。因此，评估粮农组织模式的某些可能替代方案或补充方案很重要。最后，研究了几种基于含水量计的柑桔灌溉调度系统的应用。分析了这些系统的一些结果，优点和缺点。

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