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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Modelling the effects of Nino and Nina events on water balance of grapevine ('Cabernet Sauvignon') in central valley of Chile.
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Modelling the effects of Nino and Nina events on water balance of grapevine ('Cabernet Sauvignon') in central valley of Chile.

机译：模拟Nino和Nina事件对智利中部山谷葡萄（Cabernet Sauvignon）水分平衡的影响。

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摘要

The tendency for more frequent events of El Nino-Southern Oscillation Event (ENSO) since the late 1970s has been questioned about how anticipate the water management strategies of the crops. Nino events are characterised by high rain and moderated temperatures, whereas Nina events produce the opposite effects. In this context, a research was carried out to evaluate the effects of both climatic phenomena on the water balance of a grapevine 'Cabernet Sauvignon' in central valley of Chile. Water balance was simulated with STICS model which was combined with a climatic database of four periods of Nino and four Nina events on the soil type of Talca series. The irrigation scheduling was managed automatically by the model and then it varied between years. A descriptive climatic analysis for the normal grapevine growth cycle (between middle September and end of March) showed a climate water deficit (Precipitation - Potential evapotranspiration) significantly higher (average of +27%) in Nina events (-861 mm) compared to Nino events (-677 mm). However, simulation results showed that grapevine transpiration was only 4% higher in Nina events (196 mm) than in Nino events (189 mm). Also seasonal irrigation application calculated by the model was 170 mm in dry years compared to 154 mm in humid years. These results can be explained by: (i) the grapevine phenology, with a total grapevine growth period (budbreak to harvest) 10 days longer in Nino than Nina years, and (ii) the parameterised soil, which was thin (0.6 m). This last condition has a consequence that the higher rainfall in years "Nino" was not used by the vine, it was run-off and deep percolated.
机译：自1970年代末以来，厄尔尼诺-南方涛动事件（ENSO）发生的频率越来越高的趋势已受到人们质疑，如何预测农作物的水管理策略。尼诺事件的特征是高降雨和适度的温度，而尼娜事件则产生相反的影响。在这种情况下，进行了一项研究，以评估这两种气候现象对智利中部山谷葡萄“赤霞珠”水分平衡的影响。用STICS模型模拟水平衡，该模型与Talca系列土壤类型的四个Nino时期和四个Nina事件的气候数据库相结合。该模型自动管理灌溉计划，然后每年之间变化。对正常葡萄生长周期（9月中旬至3月底之间）的描述性气候分析表明，与Nino相比，Nina事件（-861 mm）中的气候缺水（降水-潜在蒸散）明显更高（平均+ 27％）。事件（-677毫米）。但是，模拟结果显示，尼娜事件（196毫米）的葡萄蒸腾量仅比尼诺事件（189毫米）高4％。该模型计算出的季节性灌溉量在干旱年份为170毫米，而在潮湿年份为154毫米。这些结果可以通过以下方式解释：（i）葡萄的物候特征，尼诺的葡萄生长期（从收割到收获）比尼娜年长10天，以及（ii）稀薄的参数化土壤（0.6 m）。这最后一个条件的结果是葡萄树没有使用“ Nino”年中较高的降雨，这是径流和深层渗透的。

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