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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Documentation of working time in different vineyard systems.
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Documentation of working time in different vineyard systems.

机译：记录不同葡萄园系统中的工作时间。

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Due to increasing production costs and the demands for Cross Compliance an easy and precisely documentation of working time is getting more important in agriculture and viticulture. Whilst smaller enterprises may ignore the costs of production an improvement in wine production can only be achieved if a producer is able to trace his effort and gets a precise idea where and how many working hours are spend during the entire production process. Especially in vineyards the grape producers have just a chance to make profits whether they are able to increase yields or getting a better efficiency by reduction in working hours. Other producers with direct marketing often ignore the factor of working hours while calculating the prices per bottle of wine. The labour hours of the family members in small businesses are generally unpaid and mostly uncalculated. With the help of a GPS documentation software, the wine growers will be able to record and analyse the required time of every production step individually. Implementing such technologies may assist finding possible savings of viticulture work and provides all legal requirements including Cross compliance. The aim of this study was to investigate several issues of vineyard cultivation like various degrees of terrestrial inclination, different mechanisation systems, trellis systems, and strategies for wine quality intensification. The first part is about a modern interpretation of wide row vineyards where the distance of the rows alternate between 2 and 4 m width. The amount of labour required within an experimental vineyard was approximately 85.2 h ha-1. The second part deals with three different education systems in one vineyard, which were compared to each other to find the strategy with best ratio of quality to efficiency. The third part covers aspects of labour efficiency comparing intensive cultivated vines for the production of high price wines versus an extensive cultivation for basic wine quality for 'Riesling' and 'Pinot Noir' grapes. The result of the intensive treatment was 533.4 h ha-1, compared to only 181.8 h ha-1 under extensive treatment.
机译：由于生产成本的增加和对交叉合规性的要求，在农业和葡萄栽培中，简便，准确地记录工作时间变得越来越重要。虽然较小的企业可能会忽略生产成本，但只有在生产者能够追踪其努力并准确了解整个生产过程中在何处花费多少工作时间的情况下，葡萄酒产量的改善才能实现。尤其是在葡萄园中，无论是通过减少工作时间来提高产量还是提高效率，葡萄生产者都有机会获利。其他具有直接营销能力的生产商在计算每瓶葡萄酒的价格时通常会忽略工作时间的因素。小型企业中家庭成员的劳动时间通常是无薪的，而且大多是不计算在内的。借助GPS文档软件，葡萄酒种植者将能够分别记录和分析每个生产步骤所需的时间。实施此类技术可能有助于节省葡萄栽培工作，并提供包括交叉合规在内的所有法律要求。这项研究的目的是调查葡萄园种植的几个问题，例如不同程度的陆地倾斜度，不同的机械化系统，网格系统以及强化葡萄酒质量的策略。第一部分是关于宽排葡萄园的现代诠释，其中排的距离在2至4 m宽度之间交替。一个实验性葡萄园中所需的劳动量约为85.2 h ha -1 。第二部分处理一个葡萄园中的三种不同的教育系统，将它们相互比较以找到质量与效率之比最佳的策略。第三部分介绍了劳动效率方面的比较，比较了精耕细作的葡萄藤用于生产高价葡萄酒与粗略耕作的基本葡萄酒质量（用于“雷司令”和“黑皮诺”葡萄）的比较。强化治疗的结果为533.4 h ha -1 ，而经过深度处理的仅为181.8 h ha -1 。

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