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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >An effective asparagus stem blight management program.
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An effective asparagus stem blight management program.

机译：一个有效的芦笋茎枯病管理程序。

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摘要

China is the largest asparagus production country in the world with cultivation areas totaling 120,000 hectares (2007 statistics). With demand increasing there is potential for additional plantings. Yet, there are many challenges for asparagus production in China. The main one is asparagus stem blight caused by Phomopsis asparagi that reduces yield and eventually loss of plants. In recent years, the infection rates of this disease in China have been averaging around 50% causing annual loss of around 14,000 hectares of plantings. Clearly, stem blight is a serious threat for asparagus industry of China. A number of factors contribute to the wide spread of asparagus stem blight in China. The disease is readily proliferated by spores and mycelia. The spores can be efficiently spread by rain, irrigation, wind, and people. The rainy season in summer is particularly conducive to the proliferation of the disease as the splashing of rainwater facilitates the dissimilation of P. asparagi spores and the increase in humidity helps the initiation of infection. P. asparagi reproduces prolifically. It is quite common that within a growing season the pathogen can go through over ten sporulation and reinfection cycles. While the spores are susceptible to certain fungicides, the fungicides are ineffective against the spores while they are within the sporangia. Thus, fungicides are generally ineffective to break the reinfection cycles as the pathogen constantly sporulates throughout the rainy season. Worse yet, the spores are very persistent. After the growing season they can overwinter in the remnant of the leftover stalks or in the soil. Consequently, once a field is infected, it is virtually impossible to eliminate the pathogen from the field. Nevertheless, we have demonstrated that with diligent and intensive management it is possible to keep the infection under control. Here we briefly review the disease and report an effective, albeit very labor intensive, protocol for asparagus stem blight control.
机译：中国是世界上最大的芦笋生产国，种植面积总计12万公顷（2007年统计数据）。随着需求的增加，有可能增加种植面积。然而，中国芦笋生产面临许多挑战。主要的原因是 Phomopsis asparagi 引起的芦笋茎枯病，这会降低植物的产量并最终导致其损失。近年来，该病在中国的感染率平均约为50％，每年造成约14,000公顷的播种面积损失。显然，枯萎病是对中国芦笋产业的严重威胁。造成芦笋枯萎病在中国广泛传播的因素很多。该病很容易被孢子和菌丝体增殖。孢子可以被雨，灌溉，风和人有效地传播。夏季的雨季特别有利于该疾病的扩散，因为雨水的喷溅促进了磷的异化。天冬酰胺孢子和湿度的增加有助于感染的开始。 P芦笋繁殖繁殖。在一个生长季节中，病原体会经历十多个孢子形成和再感染周期，这是很常见的。尽管孢子易受某些杀菌剂影响，但当杀菌剂在孢子囊内时，杀菌剂对孢子无效。因此，由于病原体在整个雨季不断地形成孢子，因此杀真菌剂通常不能有效地中断再感染周期。更糟糕的是，孢子非常持久。生长季节过后，它们会在剩余的秸秆残留物或土壤中越冬。因此，一旦感染了田野，就几乎不可能从田野中消除病原体。然而，我们已经证明，通过勤奋和集约化管理，可以控制感染。在这里，我们简要回顾该疾病，并报告一种有效的，尽管劳动强度大的芦笋茎叶枯病防治方案。

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