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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Growth and Yields of 'Arbequina' High-Density Planting Systems in Three Different Olive Growing Areas in Italy
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Growth and Yields of 'Arbequina' High-Density Planting Systems in Three Different Olive Growing Areas in Italy

机译：意大利三个不同橄榄种植区的“ Arbequina”高密度种植系统的生长和产量

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The sustainability of the traditional olive-growing sector in EU countries -characterised by high production costs and a low selling price for the oil - was mainly determined by EU subsidies available for the sector. With the opening of the "free trade" area by the Barcellona Declaration of 1995 and a cut in EU subsidies in 2014, crucial changes in the sector are now needed. In order to increase the competitiveness of EU olive production, attention should be given to new high-yielding and mechanizedcultivation systems. In the 1990s, Spain introduced new high-density planting systems (1,200-2,000 trees/ha) using three low-vigour and early-fruiting cultivars ('Arbequina', 'Arbosana' and 'Koroneiki'). Italian olive production lies in a geographical area that stretches for about 6° in latitude (37-43° latitude N) and in the band of altitude which ranges from sea level to 400 m a.s.l. Studies on the ecophysiology of woody plants show the importance of adapting the planting system to the climate of the cultivation site, particularly for high-density groves. The evaluation of cultivars suitable for high-density systems, based on their vegetative characteristics, branching and fruiting, together with an analysis of product quality, may contribute significantly to the development and diffusion of new crop growing systems. To achieve this aim, joint research was carried out by three different research units operating in the three main olive-growing regions of Italy (Sicily, Apulia and Umbria). This paper illustrates the first results (2010 and 2011) obtained by the PRIN Project on "Biological processes and environmental factors affecting the vegetative growth, fruiting and oil quality control in a high density olive (Olea europaea L.) planting system".
机译：欧盟国家传统橄榄种植部门的可持续性-其特点是高生产成本和低油价-主要取决于欧盟可用于该部门的补贴。随着1995年《巴塞罗纳宣言》开放“自由贸易”区以及2014年削减欧盟补贴，现在需要对该行业进行重大变革。为了提高欧盟橄榄生产的竞争力，应注意新的高产和机械化栽培系统。在1990年代，西班牙引入了新的高密度种植系统（1,200-2,000棵树/公顷），该系统使用了三种低活力和早熟的栽培品种（“ Arbequina”，“ Arbosana”和“ Koroneiki”）。意大利的橄榄生产位于一个地理区域，该区域的纬度大约为6°（北纬37-43°），海拔范围从海平面到400 ma.s.l。对木本植物生态生理学的研究表明，使种植系统适应种植地的气候非常重要，特别是对于高密度树林。根据植物的营养特性，分枝和结果，以及对产品质量的分析，对适用于高密度系统的栽培种进行评估可能会极大地促进新作物种植系统的发展和传播。为了实现这一目标，在意大利三个主要橄榄种植地区（西西里岛，普利亚和翁布里亚）的三个不同的研究部门进行了联合研究。本文说明了PRIN项目获得的第一个结果（2010年和2011年），有关“影响高密度橄榄（Olea europaea L.）种植系统中营养生长，结果和油质控制的生物过程和环境因素”。

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