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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Native Pecan Germplasm in Louisiana
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Native Pecan Germplasm in Louisiana

机译：路易斯安那州的美洲山核桃种质

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The pecan, Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch, is the most economically important member of the Carya genus and is the most valuable native North American nut crop. The majority of the improved orchards are located in the central and northern parts of the state with native trees dominating production in southern Louisiana. Only Texas, Oklahoma, and Louisiana have large areas of natives, while smaller areas are reported for five other states. For total US pecan production, improved cultivars accounted for 82% of production from 2009-2011. In contrast, native trees accounted for the majority (78%) of the production in the Louisiana from 2009-2011. Forest elimination associated with agriculture and urbanization remains one of the greatest threats to the long term sustainability of the genetic diversity in native pecans. Proper stewardship of the genetic diversity is imperative for preservation of native pecan for the future and can only be accomplished by increasing our knowledge of native Carya spp. genetic variation. This is accomplished by systematic sampling of native pecan populations throughout their distribution in Louisiana, and complete evaluation of the horticultural characteristics. Superior native trees have been identified from hundreds of evaluations and warrant further evaluation. Preliminary evaluations have identified native selections with high levels of pecan scab resistance. Native pecan nuts have been analyzed with 4 to 5 times the antioxidant concentration of improved pecan cultivars such as 'Oconee'. The incorporation of native germplasm into pecan breeding lines will greatly increase opportunities to develop genetically improved disease and pest resistance, product quality and phytonutrient value.
机译：山核桃Carill illinoinensis（Wangenh。）K. Koch，是山核桃属中经济上最重要的成员，也是北美最有价值的本地坚果类作物。大部分经过改良的果园都位于该州的中部和北部，而本地树种则在路易斯安那州南部占主导地位。只有德克萨斯州，俄克拉荷马州和路易斯安那州有大片原住民，而其他五个州据报道面积较小。在美国山核桃总产量中，改良品种占2009年至2011年产量的82％。相比之下，从2009年至2011年，本地树木占路易斯安那州产量的大部分（78％）。与农业和城市化有关的森林砍伐仍然是山核桃遗传多样性长期可持续性的最大威胁之一。正确地管理遗传多样性对于将来保护天然山核桃至关重要，只有通过增加我们对天然山核桃的知识才能实现。遗传变异。这是通过对整个美洲山核桃在路易斯安那州的分布进行系统采样以及对园艺特性进行全面评估来实现的。数百种评估方法已经鉴定出优质的本地树木，并有待进一步评估。初步评估已经确定了对山核桃抗黑星病的抵抗力高的本地选择。已经分析了天然山核桃坚果的抗氧化浓度是改良的山核桃品种（如“ Oconee”）的4至5倍。将天然种质纳入山核桃育种系将大大增加发展遗传改良的病虫害抗性，产品质量和植物营养价值的机会。

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