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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >A Review of Pharmacological Effects and Clinical Efficacy of Fruit Products and Functional Foods from Elderberry (Sambucus spp.) as Compared with Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa)
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A Review of Pharmacological Effects and Clinical Efficacy of Fruit Products and Functional Foods from Elderberry (Sambucus spp.) as Compared with Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa)

机译：接骨木（Sambucus spp。）与苦莓（Aronia melanocarpa）的水果产品和功能性食品的药理作用和临床功效研究进展

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摘要

Elderberry (Sambucus spp.) fruit belongs to the armamentarium of traditional European herbal medicines. Today we know that the active principle of elderberry fruit is more potent than that of other black berries but inferior to that of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa). The latter fruit contains a similar active principle to elderberry fruit with a higher anti-oxidative effect. Unfortunately, elderberry fruit is less well investigated than black chokeberry, but the elderberry effects are presumably similar. The pharmacological effects include antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunomodulatory and antiproliferative activities. The putative effects include protection from damage of the gastric mucosa, liver, and pancreas. Thepresent evidence of clinical efficacy is insufficient for any health claim due to the few studies available. The most promising effect of elderberry fruit products may be against viral infections and the metabolic syndrome due to oxidative stress. Although no adverse events are suspected, a safety profile should be established regarding the elderberry fruit active principle, especially for long-term use of high doses. Until this has been further investigated, consumers should avoid excess doses of suchpolyphenols in food supplements. In order to promote health as functional elderberry fruit products, they must have a high quantity of active principle in terms of anthocyanins, and contact with oxygen, light, and high temperature should be avoided. Forjuices, combibox cartons to be tapped at the bottom are recommended which ensure juice to be taken from the box so that no air can contact the juice. Adding vitamin C to the juice may be an advantage since ascorbic acid prevents degradation of the active principle. Taking all this into consideration, elderberry fruit products are promising treatment options and may help to maintain health. In order to get a health claim approval by regulatory authorities, high quality products must be developed and clinical studies must prove the efficacy for each indication beyond any doubt.
机译：接骨木浆果（Sambucus spp。）水果属于传统欧洲草药的武器库。今天，我们知道接骨木浆果水果的活性成分比其他黑莓更有效，但不如黑苦莓（Aronia melanocarpa）。后一种水果含有与接骨木浆果相似的活性成分，具有较高的抗氧化作用。不幸的是，接骨木果的研究不如黑苦莓，但接骨木的效果大概相似。药理作用包括抗病毒，抗菌，抗炎，止痛，免疫调节和抗增殖活性。推定的作用包括防止胃粘膜，肝脏和胰腺受损。由于可用的研究较少，目前临床疗效的证据不足以对任何健康主张提出要求。接骨木浆果水果产品最有前途的效果可能是针对病毒感染和氧化应激引起的代谢综合征。尽管未怀疑有不良事件，但应建立关于接骨木浆果活性成分的安全性，尤其是长期服用大剂量的安全性。在对此进行进一步调查之前，消费者应避免在食品补充剂中过量使用此类多酚。为了促进健康，作为功能性的接骨木水果产品，它们必须具有大量的花色苷活性成分，并且应避免与氧气，光线和高温接触。对于果汁，建议在底部轻拍组合式纸箱，以确保从包装箱中取出果汁，以免空气接触果汁。向果汁中添加维生素C可能是一个优势，因为抗坏血酸可以防止活性成分的降解。考虑到所有这些，接骨木浆果水果产品是有前途的治疗选择，并可能有助于保持健康。为了获得监管机构的健康声明批准，必须开发高质量的产品，并且临床研究必须毫无疑问地证明每种适应症的功效。

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