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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Sanitation of Fruit Tree Cultivars for the System of Certification of Planting Material in the Czech Republic
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Sanitation of Fruit Tree Cultivars for the System of Certification of Planting Material in the Czech Republic

机译：捷克共和国果树栽培种的卫生条件，用于种植材料认证体系

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A system of certification of pathogen free health status of planting material of fruit trees was established in the year 2001 in the Czech Republic. Basic or prebasic mother plants of pathogen free cultivars are growing and regularly tested in technical and space isolates. Research support of the certification system started immediately in 2001 in the CR. The first research project (2001-2004) was directed to pathogen detection and field indicators. Another three research projects were aimed to sanitation of fruit cultivars. The first one (2004-2008) was oriented at thermotherapy of living plants and thermotherapy of in vitro cultures of fruit cultivars. The second research project (2009-2011) was based on the thermotherapy and chemotherapy of in vitro cultures mainly of Czech fruit cultivars. Chemotherapy was proved to be a more efficient method for sanitation of fruit cultivars. Ribavirin and new chemotherapeutics are applied and tested in the third project (2012-2016). Several cultivars of apple, pear, plum, cherry, apricot, and peach were already recovered from virus diseases. Pathogens were more easy removed from pome fruits, apple and pear cultivars. Sanitation of cherry, plum, and apricot cultivars is possible in combination of chemotherapy with in vitro cultures, but more difficult. The most problematic is sanitation of peach cultivars especially in case of Plum pox virus infection.
机译：捷克共和国于2001年建立了果树种植材料无病原体健康状况认证体系。无病原体的基础或基础植物正在生长，并定期在技术和空间隔离中进行测试。认证体系的研究支持于2001年在CR中立即开始。第一个研究项目（2001-2004年）针对病原体检测和田间指标。另外三个研究项目旨在对水果栽培种进行卫生处理。第一个（2004-2008年）的重点是活植物的热疗和水果品种体外培养的热疗。第二个研究项目（2009-2011年）基于捷克果树品种的体外培养物的热疗和化学疗法。事实证明，化学疗法是一种更有效的水果栽培种卫生方法。在第三个项目（2012-2016年）中应用了利巴韦林和新的化学治疗剂并进行了测试。苹果，梨，李子，樱桃，杏和桃的几个品种已经从病毒病中恢复过来。从波果，苹果和梨品种中更容易去除病原体。通过化学疗法与体外培养相结合，可以对樱桃，李子和杏子品种进行卫生处理，但难度更大。最成问题的是桃子品种的卫生，特别是在李子痘病毒感染的情况下。

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