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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >A Peach Germplasm Collection for Increasing the Genetic Diversity in European Breeding Programs
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A Peach Germplasm Collection for Increasing the Genetic Diversity in European Breeding Programs

机译：在欧洲育种计划中增加遗传多样性的桃种质资源

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European breeding programs are hampered by the low intraspecific genetic diversity, which is due to the self-compatibility of this homozygous species along with the low number of genotypes introduced and thus used for breeding. In 2009, four researchinstitutions which carried out peach breeding programs in Aragon, Catalonia, Valencia and Murcia, started a new peach germplasm collection worldwide aimed at enlarging the peach genetic diversity available for breeding.The plant material was introduced from germplasm collections located in China, Central Asia, Iran and the USA (National Germplasm Repository of Davis). Sanitary status was assessed by molecular diagnosis of known diseases caused by virus, viroid, bacteria and phytoplasm pathogens. Healthy plant material was grafted and maintained in quarantine conditions. The new germplasm collection was established in two places: Zaragoza as high chilling and Murcia as low chilling requirements. Pomological and molecular data were gathered and a public database constructed. The descriptors used were from the National Center for Genetic Resources from the INIA. Introduced budwood and seeds resulted in more than 250 new genotypes from 15 countries. The molecular analysis of a subset of the collection with 21 SSR markers evenly distributed in the genome resulted in a high number of alleles per SSR (mean A=9.5) and low observed heterozygosity (mean Ho=0.38).Variability was further assessed by geographic origin. Population structure analysis revealed the existence of 8 subpopulations explained, in some cases, by the geographic origin of the genotypes. As a result of the project a new database containing 95 accessions and 38 variables is available.
机译：欧洲种计划受种内遗传多样性低的阻碍，这是由于该纯合物种的自我相容性以及引入并用于育种的基因型数量少所致。 2009年，四个在阿拉贡，加泰罗尼亚，巴伦西亚和穆尔西亚开展桃子育种计划的研究机构在全球范围内启动了一个新的桃子种质收集工作，旨在扩大可用于桃子育种的桃子遗传多样性。中亚，伊朗和美国（戴维斯国家种质资源库）。通过对由病毒，类病毒，细菌和植物质病原体引起的已知疾病的分子诊断，评估卫生状况。健康的植物材料被嫁接并保持在检疫条件下。在两个地方建立了新的种质资源集合：萨拉戈萨（Zaragoza）是高低温的，而穆尔西亚（Murcia）是低温的要求。收集了Pomological和分子数据，并建立了公共数据库。所用的描述符来自印度国家信息局的国家遗传资源中心。引入的芽木和种子产生了来自15个国家的250多个新基因型。对21个SSR标记在基因组中均匀分布的子集进行分子分析，发现每个SSR的等位基因数量很多（平均值A = 9.5），而观察到的杂合度很低（平均值Ho = 0.38）。起源。人口结构分析显示，存在8个亚群，在某些情况下，由基因型的地理起源来解释。作为该项目的结果，可以使用包含95个登录名和38个变量的新数据库。

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