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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Fruitlet thinning in 'Conference' pears by use of BAUM device
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Fruitlet thinning in 'Conference' pears by use of BAUM device

机译：使用BAUM设备将'Conference'梨中的小果稀疏

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Experiments were carried out for two years 2009 and 2011 on 10-year-old pear orchard realized with the cultivar 'Conference' on rootstock Cydonia SI. The following treatments were evaluated: two treatments with mechanical thinning using BAUM device operating at the same tractor speed but at different rotors speed. The mechanical thinning abscission was integrated after bloom with commercial BA formulates (Paturyl or MaxCel) or with NAA (Pomonit Super 050 SL) or by hand thinning performed after June drop. Data collected with mechanical thinning were compared with those obtained with hand thinning, Paturyl 100 SL and Pomonit Super 050 SL. The following results were obtained: in 2009, cold weather during flowering caused very slow growth of fruitlets andreduced their tendency to fall. Then, the best thinning results were found after mechanical thinning with the BAUM device with low tractor and low rotors speed, and with complementary hand thinning. The best abscission efficacy was obtained with the mechanical thinning, where a complementary chemical thinning was done with Pomonit Super 050 SL after blooming. Paturyl 100 SL application instead did not modify significantly the abscission value reached with mechanical thinning. In 2011 very heavy fruit set in control trees was noticed. Mechanical thinning alone reduced fruit set by 12-27% and a further reduction was obtained with complementary hand or chemical thinning with BA (MaxCel) only. In 2011, BA used on trees earlier mechanically thinned, induceda further 35% fruit set reduction. In both trial years (2009 and 2011), the best mean fruit weight was induced by mechanical and complementary hand thinning after June drop. Neither symptoms of phytotoxicity nor mechanical injury were observed. In addition mechanical thinning did not affect return blooming of Conference' pear trees in both experiments. The different results achieved in the trial years with the chemical thinning, in particular with BA, are probably related to climatic conditions.
机译：2009年和2011年对10年生梨果园进行了为期两年的试验，这些果园是用“会议”品种的砧木Cydonia SI实现的。评估了以下处理：使用BAUM设备以相同的拖拉机速度但以不同的转子速度进行机械减薄的两种处理。机械疏松脱落剂与市售BA配方（Paturyl或MaxCel）或NAA（Pomonit Super 050 SL）混合，或在6月滴下后进行手工疏松。将通过机械打薄获得的数据与通过手动打薄，Paturyl 100 SL和Pomonit Super 050 SL获得的数据进行比较。获得了以下结果：在2009年，开花期间的寒冷天气导致小果实生长非常缓慢，并降低了其落下的趋势。然后，使用牵引力低，转子转速低的BAUM设备进行机械减薄并辅以手动减薄，可以找到最佳的减薄效果。通过机械减薄获得最佳的脱落效果，其中在开花后用Pomonit Super 050 SL进行补充化学减薄。取而代之的是，Paturyl 100 SL施用并没有明显改变机械减薄所达到的脱落值。 2011年，人们注意到在对照树上结出了非常重的果实。单独使用机械稀疏可使坐果减少12-27％，而仅使用BA（MaxCel）进行人工补充或化学稀疏就可以进一步减少结实。 2011年，BA在较早的树木上进行了机械减薄，导致坐果率进一步降低了35％。在两个试验年（2009年和2011年）中，最佳的平均果实重量是6月下降后机械和互补的手稀疏诱导的。没有观察到植物毒性症状或机械损伤的症状。此外，在两个实验中，机械间伐均不会影响会议梨树的开花。在试验年中，使用化学稀释剂（尤其是BA）获得的不同结果可能与气候条件有关。

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