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首页> 外文期刊>ACS applied materials & interfaces >Supercapacitor Electrodes Based on High-Purity Electrospun Polyaniline and Polyaniline-Carbon Nanotube Nanofibers
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Supercapacitor Electrodes Based on High-Purity Electrospun Polyaniline and Polyaniline-Carbon Nanotube Nanofibers

机译：基于高纯度电纺聚苯胺和聚苯胺-碳纳米管纳米纤维的超级电容器电极

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摘要

Freestanding, binder-free supercapacitor electrodes based on high-purity polyaniline (PANT) nanofibers were fabricated via a single step electrospinning process. The successful electrospinning of nanofibers with an unprecedentedly high composition of PANI (93 wt %) was made possible due to blending ultrahigh molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with PANI in solution to impart adequate chain entanglements, a critical requirement for electrospinning. To further enhance the conductivity and stability of the electrodes, a small concentration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was added to the PANI/PEO solution prior to electrospinning to generate PANI/CNT/PEO nanofibers (12 wt % CNTs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) porosimetry were conducted to characterize the external morphology of the nanofibers. The electrospun nanofibers were further probed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The electroactivity of the freestanding RANI and PANI/CNT nanofiber electrodes was examined using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Competitive specific capacitances of 308 and 385 F g(-1) were achieved for PANI and PANI-CNT based electrodes, respectively, at a current density of 0.5 A g(-1). Moreover, specific capacitance retentions of 70 and 81.4% were observed for PANI and PANI-CNT based electrodes, respectively, after 1000 cycles. The promising electrochemical performance of the fabricated electrodes; we believe, stems from the porous 3-D electrode structure characteristic of the nonwoven interconnected nanostructures. The interconnected nanofiber network facilitates efficient electron conduction while the inter- and intrafiber porosity enable excellent electrolyte penetration within the polymer matrix, allowing fast ion transport to the active sites.
机译：通过单步电纺丝工艺制造了基于高纯度聚苯胺（PANT）纳米纤维的独立式，无粘合剂的超级电容器电极。由于将超高分子量聚环氧乙烷（PEO）与PANI混合在溶液中以赋予足够的链缠结（对静电纺丝至关重要的要求），使得具有PANI前所未有的高含量（93 wt％）的纳米纤维的成功电纺成为可能。为了进一步增强电极的导电性和稳定性，在电纺丝之前将少量浓度的碳纳米管（CNT）添加到PANI / PEO溶液中，以生成PANI / CNT / PEO纳米纤维（12 wt％CNT）。进行了扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）孔隙率分析，以表征纳米纤维的外部形态。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM），X射线衍射（XRD）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）进一步探测了电纺纳米纤维。独立的RANI和PANI / CNT纳米纤维电极的电活性使用循环伏安法，恒静电荷放电和电化学阻抗谱进行了检查。对于PANI和PANI-CNT基电极，在0.5 A g（-1）的电流密度下，分别具有308和385 F g（-1）的竞争比电容。此外，经过1000次循环后，基于PANI和PANI-CNT的电极的比电容保持率分别为70％和81.4％。制成的电极有希望的电化学性能;我们认为，这源于非织造互连纳米结构的多孔3-D电极结构特征。互连的纳米纤维网络促进了有效的电子传导，而纤维间和纤维内的孔隙率则使电解质能够很好地渗透到聚合物基质中，从而使离子快速转移到活性位点。

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