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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Physiology >Regional rheological differences in locomoting neutrophils.
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Regional rheological differences in locomoting neutrophils.

机译：运动型中性粒细胞的区域流变学差异。

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Intracellular rheology is a useful probe of the mechanisms underlying spontaneous or chemotactic locomotion and transcellular migration of leukocytes. We characterized regional rheological differences between the leading, body, and trailing regions of isolated, adherent, and spontaneously locomoting human neutrophils. We optically trapped intracellular granules and measured their displacement for 500 ms after a 100-nm step change in the trap position. Results were analyzed in terms of simple viscoelasticity and with the use of structural damping (stress relaxation follows a power law in time). Structural damping fit the data better than did viscoelasticity. Regional viscoelastic stiffness and viscosity or structural damping storage and loss moduli were all significantly lower in leading regions than in pooled body and/or trailing regions (the latter were not significantly different). Structural damping showed similar levels of elastic and dissipative stresses in body and/or trailing regions; leading regions were significantly more fluidlike (increased power law exponent). Cytoskeletal disruption with cytochalasin D or nocodazole made body and/or trailing regions approximately 50% less elastic and less viscous. Cytochalasin D completely suppressed pseudopodial formation and locomotion; nocodazole had no effect on leading regions. Neither drug changed the dissipation-storage energy ratio. These results differ from those of studies of neutrophils and other cell types probed at the cell membrane via beta(2)-integrin receptors, which suggests a distinct role for the cell cortex or focal adhesion complexes. We conclude that 1) structural damping well describes intracellular rheology, and 2) while not conclusive, the significantly more fluidlike behavior of the leading edge supports the idea that intracellular pressure may be the origin of motive force in neutrophil locomotion.
机译：细胞内流变学是白细胞自发或趋化运动和跨细胞迁移的潜在机制的有用探针。我们表征了孤立，粘连和自发运动的人类嗜中性粒细胞的前，后，后区域之间的区域流变学差异。我们光学捕获细胞内颗粒，并在捕获位置发生100 nm阶跃变化后测量其位移500 ms。根据简单的粘弹性和结构阻尼（应力松弛随时间遵循幂定律）对结果进行了分析。结构阻尼比粘弹性更好地拟合数据。前部区域的区域粘弹性刚度和粘度或结构阻尼存储和损耗模量均显着低于集合体和/或尾随区域（后者没有显着差异）。结构阻尼在车身和/或尾随区域显示出相似水平的弹性应力和耗散应力。前导区域明显更像流体（幂律指数增加）。用细胞松弛素D或诺考达唑破坏细胞骨架会使身体和/或尾随区域的弹性降低约50％，粘性降低。细胞松弛素D完全抑制假足形成和运动。诺考达唑对主要区域没有影响。两种药物都没有改变耗散-存储能量比。这些结果不同于研究嗜中性粒细胞和通过β（2）-整合素受体在细胞膜上探测到的其他细胞类型的研究结果，这表明细胞皮层或粘着斑复合物的独特作用。我们得出的结论是：1）结构阻尼很好地描述了细胞内的流变学，以及2）虽然不是结论性的，但前缘明显更像流体的行为支持了以下观点：细胞内压力可能是嗜中性粒细胞运动的原动力。

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