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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Physiology >Long-term ventilatory adaptation and ventilatory response to hypoxia in plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae): role of nNOS and dopamine.
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Long-term ventilatory adaptation and ventilatory response to hypoxia in plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae): role of nNOS and dopamine.

机译：高原鼠兔（Ochotona curzoniae）的长期通气适应和对缺氧的通气反应：nNOS和多巴胺的作用。

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We assessed ventilatory patterns and ventilatory responses to hypoxia (HVR) in high-altitude (HA) plateau pikas, repetitively exposed to hypoxic burrows, and control rats. We evaluated the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and dopamine by using S-methyl-l-thiocitrulline (SMTC) inhibitor and haloperidol antagonist, respectively. Ventilation (Vi) was measured using a whole body plethysmograph in conscious pikas (n = 9) and low-altitude (LA) rats (n = 7) at different Pi(O(2)) (56, 80, 111, 150, and 186 mmHg) and in HA acclimatized rats (n = 9, 8 days at 4,600 m) at two different Pi(O(2)) (56 and 80 mmHg). The effects of NaCl, SMTC, and haloperidol on ventilatory patterns were assessed in pikas at Pi(O(2)) = 56 and 80 mmHg. We observed a main species effect with larger Vi, tidal volume (VT), inspiratory time/total time (T(i)/T(tot)), and a lower expiratory time in pikas than in LA rats. Pikas had also a larger VT and lower respiratory frequency compared with HA rats in hypoxia. HVR of pikas and rats were not statistically different. In pikas, SMTC induced a significant increase in Vi and VT for a Pi(O(2)) of 56 mmHg, but had no effect for a PiO(2) of 80 mmHg, i.e., the living altitude of pikas. In pikas, haloperidol injection had no effect on any ventilatory parameter. Long-term ventilatory adaptation in pikas is mainly due to an improvement in respiratory pattern (VT and T(i)/T(tot)) with no significant improvement in HVR. The sensitivity to severe acute hypoxia in pikas seems to be regulated by a peripheral nNOS mechanism.
机译：我们评估了反复暴露于低氧洞穴的高原高原（HA）高原鼠兔的通气模式和对低氧（HVR）的通气反应。我们分别通过使用S-甲基-1-硫代瓜氨酸（SMTC）抑制剂和氟哌啶醇拮抗剂评估了神经元一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）和多巴胺的作用。使用全身体积描记仪在有意识的皮卡（n = 9）和低海拔（LA）大鼠（n = 7）在不同的Pi（O（2））下测量通气（Vi）（56，80，111，150，和186 mmHg）和HA适应的大鼠（在4,600 m处n = 9、8天）在两个不同的Pi（O（2））（56和80 mmHg）下。在Pi（O（2））= 56和80 mmHg下的皮卡犬中评估NaCl，SMTC和氟哌啶醇对通气模式的影响。我们观察到，鼠皮中的Vi，潮气量（VT），吸气时间/总时间（T（i）/ T（tot））更大，呼气时间比LA大鼠短，从而对主要物种产生了影响。与缺氧的HA大鼠相比，皮卡犬的VT更大，呼吸频率更低。鼠兔和大鼠的HVR差异无统计学意义。在鼠兔中，SMTC导致Pi（O（2））为56 mmHg的Vi和VT显着增加，但对80 mmHg的PiO（2）（即鼠兔的生活高度）没有影响。在鼠兔中，氟哌啶醇注射液对任何通气参数均无影响。鼠兔的长期通气适应性主要是由于呼吸模式的改善（VT和T（i）/ T（tot））而HVR没有明显改善。鼠兔对严重急性缺氧的敏感性似乎受周围nNOS机制的调节。

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