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首页> 外文期刊>Cortex: A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior >Learning robust cortico-cortical associations with the basal ganglia: An integrative review
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Learning robust cortico-cortical associations with the basal ganglia: An integrative review

机译：学习与基底神经节的强大的皮质-皮质关联：综合审查。

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This article focuses on the interaction between the basal ganglia (BG) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). The BG are a group of nuclei at the base of the forebrain that are highly connected with cortex. A century of research suggests that the role of the BG is not exclusively motor, and that the BG also play an important role in learning and memory. In this review article, we argue that one important role of the BG is to train connections between posterior cortical areas and frontal cortical regions that are responsible for automatic behavior after extensive training. According to this view, one effect of BG trial-and-error learning is to activate the correct frontal areas shortly after posterior associative cortex activation, thus allowing for Hebbian learning of robust, fast, and efficient cortico-cortical processing. This hypothesized process is general, and the content of the learned associations depends on the specific areas involved (e.g., associations involving premotor areas would be more closely related to behavior than associations involving the PFC). We review experiments aimed at pinpointing the function of the BG and the frontal cortex and show that these results are consistent with the view that the BG is a general purpose trainer for cortico-cortical connections. We conclude with a discussion of some implications of the integrative framework and how this can help better understand the role of the BG in many different tasks. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：本文重点讨论基底神经节（BG）和前额叶皮层（PFC）之间的相互作用。 BG是在前脑底部与皮层高度相连的一组核。一个世纪的研究表明，BG的作用不仅仅在于运动，而且BG在学习和记忆中也起着重要的作用。在这篇综述文章中，我们认为BG的一个重要作用是训练后皮质区域和额叶皮质区域之间的连接，这些区域负责经过大量训练后的自动行为。根据这种观点，BG反复试验学习的一种效果是在后联想皮层激活后不久激活正确的额叶区域，从而允许Hebbian学习鲁棒，快速和有效的皮质皮层处理。这种假设的过程是普遍的，学习到的联想的内容取决于所涉及的特定区域（例如，与运动前区域相关的联想比与PFC的联想更紧密地与行为相关）。我们审查旨在查明BG和额叶皮层功能的实验，并表明这些结果与BG是皮质-皮质连接的通用训练器的观点是一致的。最后，我们讨论了集成框架的一些含义，以及这如何有助于更好地理解BG在许多不同任务中的作用。 （C）2014 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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