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首页> 外文期刊>Anticancer Research: International Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment >Methods to Prevent or Treat Refractory Diseases by Focusing on Intestinal Microbes Using LPS and Macrophages
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Methods to Prevent or Treat Refractory Diseases by Focusing on Intestinal Microbes Using LPS and Macrophages

机译：通过使用LPS和巨噬细胞聚焦于肠道微生物来预防或治疗难治性疾病的方法

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Intestinal microbes are known to influence host homeostasis by producing various substances. Recently, the presence of a diverse range of intestinal microbiota has been shown to play a key role in the maintenance of health, along with influencing the host's innate immunity towards various diseases. For example, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from healthy individuals was remarkably effective in cases of refractory Clostridium difficile colitis. Conversely, decreased number of intestinal microbes resulting from the oral administration of antibiotics reportedly suppressed the antitumor effects of immunotherapy or anticancer drugs. Furthermore, it has been shown that a change in the intestinal environment triggered by oral administration of antibiotics resulted in increased number of drug-resistant microbes causing nosocomial infections. Intestinal microbes are also shown to be effective in cancer treatment as they activate macrophages at the site of cancer. One of the effects of intestinal microbes on hosts that has been gaining increasing attention is the biological regulation caused by the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) produced by Gram-negative bacteria. Among the intestinal microbiota present in the host, Gram-negative bacteria form the most dominant flora. The administration of antibiotics leads to a decreased number of intestinal microbes, as well as to suppression of cancer immunotherapy effects or anticancer drug effects, and this deterioration has been shown to be improved by oral administration of LPS. In this article, we discuss the functions of intestinal microbiota, that is currently undergoing a paradigm shift in relation to maintenance of health and the validity of LPS as a possible target for bio-treatment in the future.
机译：已知肠道微生物会通过产生各种物质来影响宿主体内稳态。近来，已显示多种肠道微生物群的存在在维持健康以及影响宿主对各种疾病的先天免疫力方面起着关键作用。例如，来自健康个体的粪便微生物群移植（FMT）在难治性艰难梭菌结肠炎病例中非常有效。相反，口服抗生素引起的肠道微生物数量减少据报道抑制了免疫疗法或抗癌药物的抗肿瘤作用。此外，已经表明，口服抗生素引起的肠道环境变化导致引起医院感染的耐药菌数量增加。肠道微生物还被证明在癌症治疗中有效，因为它们可以激活癌症部位的巨噬细胞。肠道微生物对宿主的影响之一已受到越来越多的关注，这是由革兰氏阴性细菌产生的脂多糖（LPS）引起的生物调节。在宿主中存在的肠道菌群中，革兰氏阴性细菌形成最主要的菌群。抗生素的施用导致肠道微生物数量减少，以及抑制癌症免疫疗法作用或抗癌药作用，并且这种恶化已显示通过口服LPS得到改善。在本文中，我们讨论了肠道菌群的功能，肠道菌群目前正处于与维护健康和LPS的有效性相关的范式转变，LPS作为未来生物治疗的可能目标。

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