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首页> 外文期刊>Applied optics >Off-axis sparse aperture imaging using phase optimization techniques for application in wide-area imaging systems
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Off-axis sparse aperture imaging using phase optimization techniques for application in wide-area imaging systems

机译：使用相位优化技术的离轴稀疏孔径成像在广域成像系统中的应用

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Sparse apertures find imaging applications in diverse fields such as astronomy and medicine. We are motivated by the design of a wide-area imaging system where sparse apertures can be used to construct novel and efficient optical designs. Specifically, we investigate the use of sparse apertures for off-axis imaging at infrared wavelengths while combating the effects of chromaticity to preserve resolution. In principle, several such sparse apertures can be interleaved within a common aperture to simultaneously image in multiple directions. This can ultimately lead to the design of wide-area imaging systems that require considerably less optical and electronic hardware. The resolution achievable using a sparse aperture is the same as that of a fully open aperture. In the case of off-axis imaging, however, the point spread function (PSF) introduces a blur due to chromaticity that degrades the resolution of the system. Of course, the blur can be eliminated by imaging at a single wavelength. However the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is poor, which ultimately degrades image quality. To improve SNR, it is necessary to widen the band of wavelengths, which of course degrades resolution due to chromaticity. Hence there is a fundamental trade between the SNR and the resolution as a function of bandwidth. We show that by using a combination of microprisms and phase optimized micropistons it is possible to reduce the chromatic blur over a band of wavelengths and improve the PSF considerably to restore the resolution of the image. The concepts are validated by means of simulations and verified with experimental data to demonstrate the advantages of phase optimized micropistons in off-axis sparse aperture imaging systems.
机译：稀疏的光圈在诸如天文学和医学的各种领域中找到了成像应用。我们受到广域成像系统设计的激励，在该系统中，稀疏孔径可用于构造新颖而有效的光学设计。具体来说，我们研究了稀疏孔径在红外波长下的离轴成像的使用，同时与色度的影响作斗争以保持分辨率。原则上，几个这样的稀疏孔可以在公共孔内交错以同时在多个方向上成像。这最终可以导致设计广域成像系统，而这些系统所需的光学和电子硬件要少得多。使用稀疏光圈可获得的分辨率与完全打开的光圈相同。但是，在离轴成像的情况下，由于色度的原因，点扩散函数（PSF）会引入模糊，从而降低系统的分辨率。当然，可以通过在单个波长下成像来消除模糊。但是，信噪比（SNR）较差，最终会降低图像质量。为了提高SNR，必须加宽波长带，这当然会由于色度而降低分辨率。因此，SNR和分辨率之间存在一个基本的权衡，即带宽的函数。我们表明，通过结合使用微棱镜和经过相位优化的微型活塞，可以减少一个波长带上的色模糊，并可以显着提高PSF，以恢复图像的分辨率。这些概念通过仿真进行了验证，并通过实验数据进行了验证，以证明相位优化的微活塞在离轴稀疏孔径成像系统中的优势。

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