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High-power lasers for directed-energy applications

机译：用于定向能量应用的高功率激光器

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In this article, we review and discuss the research programs at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) on highpower lasers for directed-energy (DE) applications in the atmosphere. Physical processes affecting propagation include absorption/scattering, turbulence, and thermal blooming. The power levels needed for DE applications require combining a number of lasers. In atmospheric turbulence, there is a maximum intensity that can be placed on a target that is independent of the initial beam spot size and laser beam quality. By combining a number of kW-class fiber lasers, scientists at the NRL have successfully demonstrated high-power laser propagation in a turbulent atmosphere and wireless recharging. In the NRL experiments, four incoherently combined fiber lasers having a total power of 5 kW were propagated to a target 3.2 km away. These successful high-power experiments in a realistic atmosphere formed the basis of the Navy's Laser Weapon System. We compare the propagation characteristics of coherently and incoherently combined beams without adaptive optics. There is little difference in the energy on target between coherently and incoherently combined laser beams for multi-km propagation ranges and moderate to high levels of turbulence. Unlike incoherent combining, coherent combining places severe constraints on the individual lasers. These include the requirement of narrow power spectral linewidths in order to have long coherence times as well as polarization alignment of all the lasers. These requirements are extremely difficult for high-power lasers. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
机译：在本文中，我们回顾并讨论了海军研究实验室（NRL）关于大气中定向能量（DE）应用的高功率激光器的研究计划。影响传播的物理过程包括吸收/散射，湍流和热起霜。 DE应用所需的功率水平需要组合多个激光器。在大气湍流中，可以放置在目标上的最大强度与初始光束光斑大小和激光束质量无关。通过结合许多kW级光纤激光器，NRL的科学家已经成功地证明了大功率激光器在湍流环境中的传播以及无线充电。在NRL实验中，四个总功率为5 kW的非相干组合光纤激光器被传播到3.2公里外的目标。这些在现实环境中成功进行的高功率实验构成了海军激光武器系统的基础。我们比较了没有自适应光学器件的相干和非相干组合光束的传播特性。相干和非相干组合的激光束在多公里的传播范围和中等至高水平的湍流中，目标能量几乎没有差异。与非相干组合不同，相干组合对单个激光器施加了严格的约束。这些包括窄功率谱线宽的要求，以具有长的相干时间以及所有激光器的偏振对准。对于高功率激光器，这些要求非常困难。 （C）2015年美国眼镜学会

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