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Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite solar diffuser calibration and its challenges using a solar diffuser stability monitor

机译：可见红外成像辐射计套件太阳漫射器校准及其使用太阳漫射器稳定性监视器的挑战

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The reflective solar bands (RSB) of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) satellite is calibrated by a solar diffuser (SD) whose performance is itself monitored by a solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM). In this study, we describe the calibration algorithm of the SDSM, analyze the current two and a half years of calibration data, and derive the performance result for the SD, commonly called SD degradation or H-factors. The application of the newly derived vignetting functions for both the SD screen and the SDSM sun-view screen effectively removes the seasonal oscillations in the derived SD degradation and significantly improves the quality of the H-factors. The full illumination region, the so-called "sweet spot," for both SD view and SDSM sun view is carefully examined and selected to ensure a consistent and an optimal number of valid data samples to reduce the sample noise owing to inconsistent or lack of samples. The result shows that SD degrades much faster at short wavelength as expected, about 28.5% at 412 nm but only 1.2% at 935 nm up to date. The performance of the SD degrades exponentially with time until 7 November 2013 but has since become flat. This sudden flattening of the SD degradation is a new phenomenon never previously observed for the degradations of the SD on VIIRS or other satellite sensors. The overall result shows that SDSM is essentially functioning without flaws in catching the on-orbit degradation of the SD. The most significant and direct impact of this work would be on the quality of the ocean color products that depend sensitively on moderate RSB (RSB) (M1-M8, M10, and M11). Two very important and key questions on the performance of the SD are also raised. One pertains to the directional dependence of the SD degradation result, and it is shown that the SD does not degrade uniformly in all directions as has been assumed by all SD calibration analyses. This has a definitive impact on the RSB calibration. Another is on the degradation of the SD at the shortwave infrared (SWIR) wavelengths, and it is shown that the zero degradation input for the RSB calibration would be erroneous. Last, the impact of the stray light on the SD since " first light" is cleanly exhibited in the improved SD degradation result. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
机译：Suomi国家极地轨道合作伙伴（SNPP）卫星上的可见红外成像辐射计套件（VIIRS）的反射太阳波段（RSB）由太阳漫射器（SD）校准，其性能本身由太阳漫射器稳定性监视器监控（SDSM）。在这项研究中，我们描述了SDSM的校准算法，分析了当前两年半的校准数据，并得出了SD的性能结果，通常称为SD退化或H因子。将新派生的渐晕功能应用于SD屏幕和SDSM太阳视图屏幕，可有效消除派生SD退化中的季节性波动，并显着提高H因子的质量。仔细检查和选择用于SD视图和SDSM太阳视图的整个照明区域，即所谓的“最佳点”，以确保有效数据样本的一致性和最佳数量，以减少由于前后不一致或缺乏而导致的样本噪声。样品。结果表明，SD在短波长下的降解速度比预期的要快得多，到目前为止，在412 nm处降解约28.5％，而在935 nm处降解仅为1.2％。直到2013年11月7日，SD的性能都会随着时间呈指数级下降，但此后一直保持稳定。 SD降级的突然变平是一种新现象，以前从未在VIIRS或其他卫星传感器上观察到SD降级。总体结果表明，SDSM基本上可以正常运行，而不会捕捉到SD的在轨退化。这项工作最直接的影响将是海洋色彩产品的质量，这些产品敏感地依赖于中等RSB（RSB）（M1-M8，M10和M11）。关于SD的性能，还提出了两个非常重要的关键问题。一个与SD劣化结果的方向相关性有关，并且表明，SD并非如所有SD校准分析所假定的那样在所有方向上均一地劣化。这对RSB校准具有决定性的影响。另一个问题是在短波红外（SWIR）波长下SD的衰减，这表明用于RSB校准的零衰减输入将是错误的。最后，在改进的SD退化结果中清晰地显示了杂散光对SD的影响，因为“第一束光”清晰地展现出来了。 （C）2014年美国眼镜学会

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